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Pharm Ch. 11
Pharm Ch. 11 Self Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Important components of general anesthesia | Loss of consciousness, Skeletal muscle relaxation, Loss of pain sensation, and good patient control |
| Which agent would be most effective for the surgical stage of general anesthesia? | Enflurane |
| Guedel's stages and planes of anesthesia describe changes that occur during anesthesia. Which stage is most desirable for major surgery? | Stage III |
| Guedel's Stage I | Analgesia/reduced pain sensation; the patient is conscious and responsive |
| Guedel's Stage II | Delirium/excitement begins with unconsciousness; associated with involuntary movement |
| Guedel's Stage III | Surgical anesthesia |
| Guedel's Stage IV | Characterized by respiratory and circulatory failure; if not immediately reversed, the patient will die. |
| Which stage can be uncomfortable for the patient when emesis and incontinence may occur | Stage II |
| The properties that make nitrous oxide conscious sedation popular in dental offices include all except what? | Long period of onset and recovery |
| The less soluble the anesthetic is in the body tissues... | The more rapid the onset and recovery |
| Intravenously administered general anesthetics include all classifications of CNS depressants except what? | Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors |
| Diffusion hypoxia at the end of nitrous oxide administration can be prevented by what? | Increasing the percentage of oxygen to 100% for 5 minutes |
| Which color is a nitrous oxide cylinder in the U.S.? | Blue |
| What is the minimal level of oxygen required for nitrous oxide fail-safe systems? | 30% |
| Contraindications for nitrous oxide administrations | Emotional instability, respiratory obstruction, and COPD |
| What can the chronic abuse of nitrous oxide induce? | Neuropathy (does not include vision and hearing problems) |
| Adverse effects of the halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetic halothane include what? | Hypotension, hepatotoxicity, cardiac depression, and cardias arrhythmias |
| Use of what halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetic can provoke coughing but does not cause liver toxicity? Low tissue solubility allows for rapid induction and recovery, making it a useful and popular drug for general anesthetic. | Isoflurane |
| Which of the halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetics requires a special vaporizer and cannot be used for induction because it induces cough and laryngospasm? | Desflurane |
| Which is the limiting complication of the intravenous use of barbiturates? | Repeated dosing leads to prolonged recovery |
| Which general anesthetic agent can produce dissociative anesthesia? | Ketamine |
| What is the major disadvantage to using opioids as adjunctive drugs to general anesthesia? | Prolonged respiratory depression |
| What drug is NOT used as part of balanced general anesthesia? | Long-acting barbiturates |
| For safe administration, levels of nitrous oxide required used for patient comfort should not exceed what? | 50% |
| Which general anesthetic agent is unrelated to any other general anesthetic and has the advantage of allowing patients to "feel better" and ambulate sooner than with other agents? | Propofol |
| Modern anesthetic techniques use more rapidly acting agents than those associated with Guedel's stages. Flagg's stages reflect these agents and include what? | Induction, Analgesia, and Recovery |
| Flagg's Stage: Induction | All preparation and medication for the patient up to the beginning of the operation |
| Flagg's Stage: Maintenance | Patient at the depth of anesthesia, sufficient to allow surgical manipulation, continues to completion of the procedure |
| Flagg's Stage: Recovery | Termination of the surgical procedure; continues through post-op until patient is fully responsive |
Created by:
jridder25