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Pharm Ch. 7
Pharm Ch. 7 Self Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which anti-infective drug is contraindicated in a pregnant patient? | Tetracycline |
| What is the anti-infective drug of choice for prophylactic pre-med for a patient with artificial heart valves if that patient is NOT allergic to penicillin? | Amoxicillin |
| Which anti-infective agent has reduced effectiveness if taken with dairy products, antacids, or calcium supplements? | Tetracycline |
| What is not a common adverse effect of anti-infectives? | CNS depression |
| Common adverse effects of anti-infectives | GI upset, Decrease in effectiveness of oral contraceptives, Superinfection with Candida albicans, Potential of oral anticoagulants |
| Examples of macrolides drugs | Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin |
| Which anti-infective agent is most likely to produce an allergic reaction? | Penicillin |
| Mr. Garza indicates on his medical history that he is taking isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampin. What is the most likely reason he is taking these medications? | Tuberculosis |
| Which anti-infective is most likely to cause GI upset? | Erythromycin |
| Which group of anti-infectives is commonly used to treat oral infections of periodontal origin? | Tetracyclines |
| What is the current AHA prophylactic pre-med dosage for the prevention of infective endocarditis in a patient who can take penicillin? | 2 grams/2000mg amoxicillin taken one hour before tx. |
| Clindamycin is associated with what serious adverse drug effect? | Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) |
| Patients taking metronidazole should be cautioned against alcohol consumption to avoid what adverse interaction? | Disulfiram-like reaction |
| Which class of antibiotics is structurally related to the penicillins and has similar mechanisms of actions and indications as the penicillins? | Cephalosporins |
| What is the mechanism of action of the sulfonamide drug group? | Competitive inhibition of folic acid synthesis from para-Aminobenzoic acid |
| Advantages of amoxicillin over penicillin V | Better absorption, higher blood levels, better patient compliance, slightly broader spectrum |
| Caries is an important dental infection produced by Streptococcus mutans. Traditional anti-infective agents have been useful in treatment of this infection in the general population. | The first statement is true; the second statement is false. |
| If adequate drainage can be obtained, are anti-infective agents indicated? | No |
| Are anti-infective agents indicated for localized dental infections in the immunocompromised patient? | Yes |
| Which drug is most often used in dentistry for beginning infections of primarily gram-positive cocci in patients with no allergies? | Penicillin/amoxicillin |
| Which antibiotic would be most effective against a primarily anaerobic gram-negative infection? | Metronidazole |
| The terms antibiotic, anti-infective, antimicrobial, and antibacterial are often used interchangeable. However, only an _____ is exclusively produced by microorganisms. | Antibiotic |
| A culture is a test that involves determining if an organism will respond to a specific anti-infective agent. Sensitivity testing involves growing the bacteria from a sample of infective exudate. | Both statements are false |
| Culture | A test that involves growing the bacteria from a sample of infective exudate |
| Sensitivity testing | Exposing an organism to anti-infective agents to determine if the organism is sensitive or resistant to a specific anti-infective agent |
| Broad-spectrum anti-infective agents taken over a long time period can lead to which adverse reactions? | Superinfection/Suprainfection |
| Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) | Bactericidal against a wide range of gram-negative organisms. |
| What type of action may occur is ciprofloxacin is given with other antimicrobial agents? | Synergistic |
| Which adverse drug interactions do NOT occur with anti-infectives? | Anti-infective agents can not decrease the effect of oral anticoagulants |
| The penicillins can be divided into all major groups except what? | Cephalosporin |
| What is the primary advantage of penicillin V or penicillin VK over penicillin G? | Better oral absorption |
| What antibiotic is not typically administered topically? | Clarithromycin |
| What cardiac conditions are NOT indications for prophylactic antibiotic premedication before a dental procedure? | Mitral valve prolapse |
| Vancomycin is a bacteriostatic agent with a wide spectrum of activity against many gram+ and gram- organisms. It is rarely used due to widespread microbial resistance | Both statements are false. - Bactericidal and narrow spectrum |
| What are structurally related to the penicillins? | Cephalosporins |
Created by:
jridder25