stimulus > Threshold is reached. open Na+ channel>depolarization; Na+ into cell> open for 1ms then close, K+ opens outward repolarization> small hyperpolarization returns to RMP. (refactory - resist restimulation, only very strong stimulus)

synaptic transmission

1. electrical: cells joined by gap junctions all for action potential. 2. chemical: presynaptic cells release chemicals to postsynaptic cell

Class I: ACh - excitatory Class II Amines: Monoamines - Serotonin, histamine; catecholamines - dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine Class III: Amino Acids- Glutamate, glycine, GABA Class IV: Nitric oxide, purines, ATP. Adenosine

rope chain event. nerve impulse>ACh release> ACH receptor> Ca++ release from SR, binds with troponin > tropomysoin exposes actin sites> chain rope effect > impulse ends>Ca++ back into sac.

5 Homeostatic function of Bone.

Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, hematopiesis.

Major constitutes of bone and structural organization related to function.

axial and appendicular. long, short, irregular, sesamoid, flat. compact bone/cancellous (spongy)bone.

epithelial and connective tissue combine to form these FOUR types of membranes.

Epithelial: Cutaneous, serous, mucous Connective: synovial. Lubrication, protection, cushion.

Mitosis: Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. to distribute DNA (meiosis; cell division of sex cells. sperm/ova. diploid (46) reduce to haploids(23))

to regulate cell fuxn by regulating metabolic pathways. - ase. lock and key model. allosteric effectors. enzyme catalyze a chemical reaction in both directions.

release of ATP for energy

enzymes release stored ATP by splitting it into ADP and a phosphate. cell at rest high ATP, exhausted cell high ADP. cells at rest can recycle ADP back into ATP. body uses 1.1 pounds of ATP during strenuous activity.

Four major groups of organic substances

1. Carbohydrates: monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides. 2. Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, steroids, prostaglandins 3. Proteins: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary. 4. Nucleic Acids and related molecules. DNA, RNA

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Physiology Midterm.

Question	Answer
Action potential	stimulus > Threshold is reached. open Na+ channel>depolarization; Na+ into cell> open for 1ms then close, K+ opens outward repolarization> small hyperpolarization returns to RMP. (refactory - resist restimulation, only very strong stimulus)
synaptic transmission	1. electrical: cells joined by gap junctions all for action potential. 2. chemical: presynaptic cells release chemicals to postsynaptic cell
Neurotransmitters.	Class I: ACh - excitatory Class II Amines: Monoamines - Serotonin, histamine; catecholamines - dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine Class III: Amino Acids- Glutamate, glycine, GABA Class IV: Nitric oxide, purines, ATP. Adenosine
Myosin and Actin	rope chain event. nerve impulse>ACh release> ACH receptor> Ca++ release from SR, binds with troponin > tropomysoin exposes actin sites> chain rope effect > impulse ends>Ca++ back into sac.
5 Homeostatic function of Bone.	Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, hematopiesis.
Major constitutes of bone and structural organization related to function.	axial and appendicular. long, short, irregular, sesamoid, flat. compact bone/cancellous (spongy)bone.
epithelial and connective tissue combine to form these FOUR types of membranes.	Epithelial: Cutaneous, serous, mucous Connective: synovial. Lubrication, protection, cushion.
Mitosis	Mitosis: Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. to distribute DNA (meiosis; cell division of sex cells. sperm/ova. diploid (46) reduce to haploids(23))
Enzymes	to regulate cell fuxn by regulating metabolic pathways. - ase. lock and key model. allosteric effectors. enzyme catalyze a chemical reaction in both directions.
release of ATP for energy	enzymes release stored ATP by splitting it into ADP and a phosphate. cell at rest high ATP, exhausted cell high ADP. cells at rest can recycle ADP back into ATP. body uses 1.1 pounds of ATP during strenuous activity.
Four major groups of organic substances	1. Carbohydrates: monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides. 2. Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, steroids, prostaglandins 3. Proteins: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary. 4. Nucleic Acids and related molecules. DNA, RNA

Created by: cbgarcia

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