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Stack #4546113
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypoxia | Causes: Low oxygen in blood, anemia, respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma. Cardiac issues |
| Hypoxia early signs | Agitation, anxiety, changes in level of consciousness, disorientation headache, irritability restlessness, tachypnea |
| Hypoxia late signs | Bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias cyanosis, decreased respiration rate (bradypnea) retractions |
| Age related changes in respiratory system | Decrease in lung elasticity, decrease cough reflexes, and increase risk for infection |
| Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) | Assess lung volume, capacity and flow rate Nursing Management: Encourage deep breathing, hydration and vaccination |
| Post op care - nasal surgery | No nose blowing, use saline sprays, elevate HOB, monitor for bleeding EDUCATION: Avoid strenuous activities, sneeze with mouth open |
| Epistaxis | CAUSES: Trauma, dry air, HTN, anticoagulants, crusting, cracking, tumor MANAGEMENT: sit forward apply direct pressure, cold compress, cauterization |
| Laryngectomy | Indication: Laryngeal cancer, airway obstruction Peri Op Care Pre op edu and post op airway management, stoma care, communications support. |
| Laryngitis | SYMPTOMS: hoarseness, sore throat dry cough TX: Voice rest, avoid whispering, avoid irritants, hydration, humidifier, sometimes ABT and corticosteroid's |
| Nasal decongestants | INDICATIONS:to relieve nasal congestion, a common symptom of colds, allergies, and sinusitis EDUCATION: limit use to 3days (rebound congestion) monitor Bp |
| Acute pharyngitis | CAUSES:(Strep) beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection SYMPTOMS: sore throat, fever, swollen tonsils, TESTING: Rapid strep , throat cx TX: ABT, analgesics, hydration |
| Sinusitis | CAUSES: infection, allergies SYMPTOMS facial pain, Nasal congestion headache TX: ABT, analgesics, hydrations |
| Endotracheal and tracheostomy suctioning | Sterile cath, suction applied when cath pulled out 10-15sec, 30 sec breaks, total time less than 5 minutes |
| Tonsillectomy | INDICATIONS: Recurrent tonsillitis, sleep apnea COMPLICATIONS:bleeding,infection POST OP CARE Monitor for bleeding, soft diet,avioid sneezing, avoid red food, no straws |
| Tracheostomy | INDICATION: Airway obstruction, long term ventilation, PARTS, Outer, Inner cannula and obturator (insertion guide) TX: Humidification, suctioning, stoma care |
| Flu vaccine | INDICATION: Annual for all older than 6months CONTRAINDICATIONS: Severe egg allergy, previous reaction |
| Chronic bronchitis | SYMPTOMS: Productive cough more than 3 months/year for 2 TX: Bronchodilator, steroids smoking cessation, |
| COPD | S/S: Dyspnea, barrel chest clubbing, COMPLICATIONS: Respiratory failure, NUTRITION: High calories small frequent meals |
| thoracocentesi | INDICATION:Remove fluid or air from pleura space POST PRE CARE:monitor respiratory status,crepitus ,site 4bleeding, pneumothorax ,air embolism,pulmonary edema |
| Empyema | S/S Chest pain, Shortness of breath,Fever, Cough,Night sweats,Fatigue TX:Chest tubes, CX &S, ABT |
| Interstitial edema | CAUSES:Fluid accumulation in lung interstitium SIGNS: Crackles, dyspnea TX: Diureics, oxygen |
| cystic fibrosis | CAUSES:Genetic mutation affecting mucus glands Testing:post sweat test TX:Chest Physiotherapy,enzymes, high-calorie diet |
| pursed lip breathing | PURPOSE:a technique that involves inhaling through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips Improve oxygenation,prevent atelectasis |
| steroid inhalers | USES They work by reducing inflammation in the airways, (Asthma, Copd) EDUCATION: Rinse mouth after each use, use spacer |
| incentive spirometry | PURPOSE: Improve oxygenation, prevent atelectasis |
| chest tubes | CHAMBERS: Drainage, Water seal , Suction INDICATION: Pneumothorax, hemothorax TX:Monitor for leaks, keep below chest level |
| subcutaneous emphysema | CAUSES: Air under skin from chest trauma or tube SIGNS: Crepitus TX: Monitor notify provider |
| Barrel chest | SEEN IN: COPD CAUSES:Air trapping,lung hyperinflation ASSESSMENT: Increased AP diameter |
| Histoplasmosis | CAUSE: Fungal infection from bird/bat droppings S/S:Flu-like, cough TX: Antifungals |
| TB treatment | Meds Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite,Brown urine Jaundice,Blurred vision, Drug-induced liver injury,TX;Dot therapy, monitor labs |
| Pleural effusion | Fluid in pleural space S/S: Dyspnea, decrease breath sounds TX: Thoracentesis,treat cause |
| Pleurisy | Causes:Infection, trauma S/S:Sharp chest pain with breathing TX;Analgesics, anti -inflammatories |
| Pneumothorax | Types:Spontaneous, Open, Tension S/S:Dyspnea, Cyanosis, tachycardia,tachypnea,Sharp chest pain,Decrease breath sounds TX:Chest tube, O2 |
| PE | Causes:Dvt, immobility S/S: Chest pain, Cough, Hemoptysis,anxiety,RD with dyspnea TX:O2, anticoagulants,heparin, thrombolytic, inf vena cava IVC filter |
| Postural drainage treatment | a technique used to help clear mucus and secretions from the lungs,It involves positioning the body in specific ways to allow gravity to help drain mucus down the airways. |
Created by:
ADAMOO0026