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Unit 2 vocab quiz

TermDefinition
Alkali metals All elements located in Group 1 on the periodic table except hydrogen; contains the most reactive metals.
Alkaline Earth Metals All elements located in Group 2 on the periodic table.
Allotrope 1 of 2 or more different forms of an element (nonmetal) in the same phase, but with different formular and physical/chemical properties.
Atomic Radius The radius of an atom; measured in pm (picometers)
Chemical Reactivity The tendency for an atom of a given element to gain or lose electrons when interacting with an atom of another element.
Diatomic elements Elements that can't exist alone in nature; travel in pairs; contain 2 identical atoms (same element); Br2I2N2CI2H2O2F2
Electronegatively A measure of the relative tendency of an atom of an element to attract or gain electrons; the "desire" to gain electrons
Families Elements with similar properties; group 1,2,17, and 18 on periodic table.
Gases Have no definite shape and fill their container; at STP this includes H, N, O, F, CI, & all of group 18 (the noble gases).
Groups Vertical columns on periodic table.
Halogens All elements located in Group 17 on the periodic table; have high electronegativities.
Ionic Radius The radius of an ion; cations (lose electrons) decrease in radius; anions (gain electrons) increase in radius.
Ionization energy The energy required to REMOVE one electron from an atom of an element; measured in kJ/mol.
Isoelectronic Atoms or ions that have the SAME number of ELECTRONS.
Liquids Take the shape of their container and have definite volume.
Metallic Character Metals are malleable (can be hammered into thin sheets and bent), ductile (can be drawn into wire), have luster (shine), and conduct electricity; metals tend to lose electrons; all metals have a "sea of mobile valence electrons".
Metalloids Elements that have two properties/characteristics of a metal; located along the "staircase," except for aluminum (AI).
Metals Elements that have two properties/characteristics of a metal; located under/to the left of the staircase, except Hydrogren (H).
Noble Gases All elements located in Group 18 on the periodic table; inert (do not tend to react with atoms of other elements); have a full valence shell.
Nonmetallic character Nonmetals are NOT malleable (shatter upon being hit with a hammer), NOT ductile, do NOT have luster (dull), and do NOT conduct electricity.
Nonmetals Elements that have zero or one property/characteristic of a metal; located above/to the right of the staircase.
Octet Full valence shell; 8 electrons, except for period 1 elements.
Periodic Cyclic; repeating pattern/cycle.
Periodic Law Elements of the periodic table are periodic functions of their atomic number.
Periodics Horizontal rows on peridic table.
Solids Have definite shape and definitive volume.
States of Matter Any of the three phases in which an element can exist; solid (s), liquids (I), gas (g).
Transition metals The three rows of elements in the middle of the periodic table from scandium (Sc) to mercury (Hg); reactivity is based on the elements with which they are combined.
Created by: Sillyflamingo
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