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Ch 3 Russ

Russ Chapter 3 Site Planning & Design Handbook

QuestionAnswer
Site Analysis The process of gathering and evaluating data about a site’s physical, ecological, and administrative characteristics to determine its suitability for a proposed project. It identifies issues, opportunities, and constraints before design begins.
Site Characterization A detailed investigation following initial analysis, including subsurface exploration (depth to bedrock, groundwater, soil tests) as guided by ASTM D-420 standards.
Location Refers not only to a site’s geographic position but also to its relationship with the surrounding community—visibility, access, traffic, and connectivity are central.
Aerial Photogrammetry Mapping topographic and physical site features using aerial photographs, meeting National Map Accuracy Standards. Provides less costly topographic data than ground surveys.
Historical Aerial Photography Past aerial images used to identify previous land uses, natural features, or alterations. Helpful for understanding site evolution and hidden features.
USDA Soil Survey A comprehensive database of soil characteristics, including texture, slope, erodibility, and depth to bedrock. Used to evaluate suitability for development and identify potential soil hazards.
Expansive Soils Soils that swell when wet and shrink when dry, leading to foundation or pavement cracking.
Liquefaction Loss of soil strength during vibration (e.g., earthquake), causing the ground to behave like a liquid—dangerous for structures.
Hydrology Study of surface and subsurface water movement across a site. Includes drainage patterns, water tables, wetlands, riparian zones, and floodplains, all of which affect development suitability.
TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) The regulatory limit for pollutants that a waterbody can receive under the Clean Water Act; affects stormwater design.
Local Records & History Information from local government about zoning, land use, and historical development that influences design constraints and opportunities.
Zoning Local regulation dictating permissible land uses, densities, and setbacks. Determines what can be built and where.
Land Development Regulations Local standards for site elements like streets, landscaping, and lighting that shape the project’s layout and compliance.
Utility Mapping Identification of existing water, sewer, electric, and other service networks; crucial for planning new connections or relocations.
Assessing “Fit” Evaluating how well a proposed project aligns with the site’s character, community values, and physical/environmental constraints.
Program Requirements Functional and spatial needs of a project that drive site design decisions (e.g., parking, access, circulation, building placement).
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) Federal law requiring accessibility in site and building design. ADAAG guidelines specify standards for slopes, ramps, walkways, and parking.
Community Standards and Expectations Informal social or aesthetic norms influencing how development is perceived locally—includes materials, styles, and landscape character.
Environmental Concerns Potential contamination or site conditions stemming from past industrial or commercial use; part of environmental due diligence.
Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) Systematic process for identifying potential or existing environmental contamination on a property, typically following ASTM E-1527 guidelines.
Phase I Environmental Site Assessment A non-invasive study reviewing records, historical data, and on-site conditions to identify Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs).
Brownfields Abandoned or underused properties with actual or perceived contamination. Redevelopment requires mitigation or remediation strategies.
Created by: cheche.stoddard
 

 



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