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Stack #4545108
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An experiment was designed to test the effects of the Starling forces on fluid movement. Which of the following alterations would result in fluid moving into the interstitial space? | Increased interstitial oncotic pressure |
| Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term potassium deficits | Kidneys. Long-term potassium deficits lasting more than 1 month may damage renal tissue, with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Long-term potassium deficits are not associated with damage to the CNS, GI tract, or lungs. |
| While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly are at a higher risk for developing dehydration because they have: | decreased muscle mass. |
| Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with: | excessive loss of chloride (Cl). |
| A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in which of the following fluid compartments | Intravascular fluid |
| A 35-year-old male weighs 70 kg. Approximately how much of this weight is considered the total volume of body water | 42 L |
| A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would | Intracellular dehydration |
| An infant is experiencing hemolytic disease of the newborn. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in the infant’s history and physical? | The baby is Rh positive. |
| When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as | an excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen |
| When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs? | Alloimmune |
| The nurse would correctly respond that the etiology of a congenital immune deficiency is due to a(n): | genetic defect. |
| A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus | CD4+ T-helper |
| When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is | anaphylaxis. |
| When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of | autoimmunity. |
| A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is | alive, but less infectious. |
| What is the result of homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis | Nondisjunction |
| What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and a reduced carrying angle at the | Turner syndrome |
| Cystic fibrosis is caused by what gene abnormality | Autosomal recessive |
| A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with: | delayed age of onset |
| When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important | DNA polymerase |
| A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart | Turner syndrome |
| A child is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. History reveals that the child’s parents are siblings. Cystic fibrosis was most likely the result of: | consanguinity. |
| A 50-year-old male intravenous drug user is diagnosed with hepatitis C. Examination of the liver reveals cell death secondary to | infection-induced apoptosis |
| Confirmation of somatic death is based on | complete cessation of respiration and circulation. |
| After ingestion of lead, what organ systems should the nurse monitor because they are the most sensitive to the effects of lead? (Select all that apply. | Kidneys Brain Hematopoietic |
| A 2 year old swallowed watch batteries. Following ingestion, kidney function was impaired, and the heart began to fail. Which of the following was the most likely cause | Coagulative necrosis |
| A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process | necrosis |
| When a nurse is checking a urinalysis, the finding that would alert the nurse to cellular injury is the presence of: | excessive protein |
| A 50-year-old female became infected with Clostridium bacteria and died a week later. Examination of her red blood cells revealed lysis of membranes. Which of the following was the most likely cause of her death? | Gas gangrene |
| A 20-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a jagged sharp-force injury that is longer than it is deep. Which type of wound will the nurse be caring for | Incised wound |
| Which information should the nurse include when teaching about angiogenic factors? In cancer, angiogenic factors stimulate: | new blood vessel growth |
| Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors | Cells vary in size and shape |
| A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is looking for a tumor marker. Which of the following could be a possible marker | enzimes |
| Which statement indicates the patient has a correct understanding of metastasis? The most common route of metastasis is through the blood vessels and | lymphatics. |
| A 65-year-old patient recently diagnosed with cancer retired from construction work. Which cancer is likely to develop secondarily to occupational hazards | Mesothelioma |
| Chromosome aberrations and mutations in cells that were not directly irradiated are referred to as | bystander effects. |
| The role of physical activity in the prevention of colon cancer is identified by which of the following | It increases gut motility, thereby decreasing the time the bowel is exposed to mutagens |
| A patient asks why indoor pollution is worse than outdoor pollution. How should the nurse respond? Indoor pollution is considered worse than outdoor pollution because of cigarette smoke and | radon. |
| A nurse is preparing to teach the most common malignancy in children. Which malignancy should the nurse discuss | leukemia |
| What is the origin of most childhood cancers | Mesodermal germ layer |
| A 40-year-old female developed adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Which prenatal event is the most likely cause of her cancer? | Exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) |
| Which characterizes an embryonic cancer tumor | Usually manifested around age 5 |
| Which system modulates a patient’s perception of pain | Cognitive-evaluative system |
| Which group of people is most prone to color blindness | males |
| When a patient has a fever, which of the following thermoregulatory mechanisms is activated | The body’s thermostat is reset to a higher level |
| A patient scrapes both knees while playing soccer and reports sharp and well-localized pain. Which of the following should the nurse document to most accurately characterize the pain | Somatic pain |
| A 65-year-old patient who recently suffered a cerebral vascular accident is now unable to recognize and identify objects by touch because of injury to the sensory cortex. How should the nurse document this finding | Agnosia |
| A patient has paralysis of both legs. What type of paralysis does the patient have | Paraplegia |
| A patient reports tiring easily, having difficulty rising from a sitting position, and the inability to stand on toes. The nurse would expect a diagnosis of | hypotonia. |
| Spinal shock is characterized by | cessation of spinal cord function below the lesion. |
| Which information is basic to the assessment findings associated with a patient diagnosed with an aneurysm? | The majority are asymptomatic. |
| A 60-year-old patient with a recent history of head trauma and a long-term history of hypertension presents to the ER for changes in mental status. MRI reveals that the patient has experienced a subarachnoid hemorrhage. What does the nurse suspect cau | Aneurysm |
| Patient teaching is considered successful regarding myasthenia gravis when the patient identifies its cause as being | autoimmune injury at the neuromuscular junction. |
| Which of the following would increase a patient’s risk for thrombotic stroke | Dehydration |
| The majority of intervertebral disk herniations occur between which vertebral levels (cervical, C; thoracic, T; lumbar, L; sacral, S) | L4-S1 |
| What is the cause of true (primary) microcephaly | An autosomal recessive gene |
| Which of the following diseases does the nurse screen for in all newborns | Phenylketonuria (PKU) |
| What is the most common location of brain tumors in children? | In the posterior fossa |
| What term is used to describe a premature closure of one or more of the cranial sutures during the first 18 months of life? | Craniosynostosis |
| A 10 year old presents with headache and seizures. CT scan reveals a tumor that is located near the pituitary gland. Which of the following is the most likely tumor type | Craniopharyngioma |
Created by:
marias0693