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Stack #4545053
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is homeostasis? | The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes |
| Which two organ systems primarily regulate homeostasis? | The nervous system and the endocrine system |
| What is a negative feedback loop? | a mechanism that reverses a change in a controlled condition |
| What happens when homeostasis is not maintained? | It can lead to disease, dysfunction or death |
| Give an example of a positive feedback mechanism | A blood clotting or childbirth contractions |
| What are the four major types of biomolecules? | Carbohydrates, Lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids |
| What is the function of carbohydrates? | They provide a quick source of energy for the body |
| What elements make up proteins? | Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygne, and nitrogen |
| What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? | Nucleotides |
| How do enzymes function in the body | They act as a biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions |
| What is the basic unit of life? | cell |
| : What structure controls what enters and leaves the cell? | the cell (plasma) membrane |
| What process do cells use to make energy (ATP)? | Cellular respiration in the mitochondria. |
| What happens during mitosis? | The cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. |
| What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis? | Mitosis produces identical cells; meiosis produces gametes with half the chromosome number. |
| What are the four main types of tissues? | Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. |
| What is the largest organ of the body? | Skin |
| What are the three main layers of the skin? | Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous (hypodermis) layer. |
| Which type of tissue makes up the epidermis? | Stratified squamous epithelial tissue. |
| What is the main function of the integumentary system? | Protection, temperature regulation, and sensory reception. |
| What are the main functions of the skeletal system? | Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production |
| What are the two main types of bone tissue? | Compact bone and spongy bone. |
| What type of cells build bone tissue? | Osteoblasts |
| What is the name of the connective tissue covering the bone surface? | The periosteum |
| What is stored in yellow bone marrow | Fat (adipose tissue) |
| What is an articulation? | A joint where two or more bones meet |
| What are the three structural types of joints? | Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints |
| What protein filaments are involved in muscle contraction | Actin (thin filament) and myosin (thick filament) |
| What neurotransmitter triggers muscle contraction | Acetylcholine (ACh) |
| What is the energy molecule required for muscle contraction? | Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
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