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Stein Ch. 17 Vocab
Question | Answer |
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the smallest particle of an element that can be identified with that element. Consists of protons and neutrons in a nucleus surrounded by electrons | atom |
a substance made of only one kind of atom. Examples of elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen | element |
The perpetual random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid medium | Brownian motion |
The smallest particle of a substance consisting to two or more atoms of the same or different elements bonded together | molecule |
a chemical substance made of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion | compound |
a description that uses numbers and symbols of elements to describe the proportions of elements in a compound or reaction | Chemical formula |
The positively charged center of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons and has almost all the mass of the entire atom but only a tiny fraction of the volume | Nucleus |
The principle building block of the nucleus; a neutron or a proton | Nucleons |
An electrically neutral particle that is one of the two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom | Neutrons |
A positively charged particle that is one of two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom | Protons |
A form of an element having a particular number of neutrons in the nuclei of its atoms. Different isotopes of a particular element have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. | Isotopes |
Numbers of protons in the nucleus of an atom | Atomic number |
An atom (or group of atoms bound together) with a net electric charge, which is due to the loss or gain of electrons | Ion |
A model in which the electrons of an atom are pictured as grouped in concentric shells around the nucleus | Shell model of the atom |
A chart that lists elements by atomic number and by electron arrangements, so that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same column | Periodic table |
A fourth phase of matter, in addition to solid, liquid, and gas . In the plasma phase, which exists at mainly at high temperature, matter consists of positively charged ions and free electrons. | plasma |