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modul 2 ednocrine
part 2 Endocrine Part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cushing's Syndrome | Condition caused by too much cortisol. |
| Addison's Disease: | Condition caused by too little cortisol and aldosterone. |
| Adrenal Cortex: | The outer part of the adrenal gland that produces key hormones. |
| Glucocorticoids: | Hormones like cortisol that regulate metabolism and stress response. |
| Mineralocorticoids: | Hormones like aldosterone that regulate salt and water balance. |
| Androgens: | Sex hormones produced in small amounts by the adrenal glands. |
| Cortisol: | The body's main stress hormone. |
| Aldosterone: | A hormone that regulates sodium and potassium levels. |
| ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone): | A pituitary hormone that stimulates cortisol production. |
| Moon Facies: | A round, full face caused by fat redistribution in Cushing's. |
| Buffalo Hump: | A fat pad on the back of the neck in Cushing's. |
| Truncal Obesity: | Excess fat in the torso with thin limbs in Cushing's. |
| Hirsutism: | Excessive hair growth in women. |
| Striae: | Purple or red stretch marks on the skin. |
| Hypokalemia: | Low potassium levels in the blood. |
| Hyperglycemia: | High blood sugar levels. |
| Hypertension: | High blood pressure. |
| Dexamethasone Suppression Test: | A test to diagnose Cushing's syndrome. Adrenalectomy: Surgical removal of the a |
| Adrenalectomy: | Surgical removal of the a adrenal gland(s). |
| Addisonian Crisis: | A life-threatening emergency from low cortisol. |
| Hydrocortisone: | A medication used to replace cortisol. |
| Fludrocortisone: | A medication used to replace aldosterone. |
| Medical Alert Bracelet: | Jewelry that informs medics of a critical health condition. |
| Thyroid Gland: | A gland in the neck that produces metabolism-regulating hormones. |
| Parathyroid Glands: | Small glands that regulate blood calcium levels. |
| Goitre: | An enlarged thyroid gland. |
| Thyroiditis: | Inflammation of the thyroid gland. |
| Hyperthyroidism: | Overactive thyroid gland. |
| Hypothyroidism: | Underactive thyroid gland. |
| Graves' Disease: | An autoimmune cause of hyperthyroidism. |
| Toxic Nodular Goitre: | Hyperthyroidism caused by overactive thyroid nodules. |
| Thyroxine (T4): | The main hormone produced by the thyroid gland. |
| Triiodothyronine (T3): | The active thyroid hormone. |
| Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH): | A pituitary hormone that controls thyroid function. |
| Exophthalmos: | Bulging eyes, often associated with Graves' disease. |
| Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU) Test: | A test to assess thyroid function. |
| Antithyroid Medications: | Drugs that reduce thyroid hormone production. |
| Radioactive Iodine (RAI) Therapy: | A treatment to destroy overactive thyroid cells. |
| Subtotal Thyroidectomy: | Surgical removal of part of the thyroid gland. |
| Thyrotoxic Crisis (Thyroid Storm): | A severe, life-threatening form of hyperthyroidism. |
| Levothyroxine: | A synthetic thyroid hormone used for replacement. |
| Myxedema: | Severe hypothyroidism with characteristic skin and tissue swelling. |
| Myxedema Coma: | A life-threatening complication of severe hypothyroidism. |
| Euthyroid: | A normal, balanced thyroid state. |
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): | A hormone that regulates calcium levels. |
| Hyperparathyroidism: | Overproduction of parathyroid hormone, causing high calcium. |
| Hypoparathyroidism: | Underproduction of parathyroid hormone, causing low calcium. |
| Hypercalcemia: | High calcium levels in the blood. |
| Hypocalcemia: | Low calcium levels in the blood. |
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