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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the first principle of cell theory? A) Cells are found only in animals B) Cells cannot reproduce C) All living things are made of cells D) Cells are produced by energy | C, All living things are made of cells |
| What is the second principle of cell theory? A) Cells appear spontaneously B) Cells come from pre-existing cells C) Cells can only be made in labs D) Cells are made of protein | B, Cells come from pre-existing cells |
| What is the third principle of cell theory? A) Cells are the basic unit of life B) Cells are non-living C) All cells have a nucleus D) Cells are made of atoms | A, Cells are the basic unit of life |
| What do prokaryotic cells lack? A) DNA B) Cytoplasm C) A nucleus D) Cell membrane | C, A nucleus |
| Where is DNA found in a prokaryotic cell? A) Floating in cytoplasm B) Golgi apparatus C) Nucleus D) Endoplasmic reticulum | A, Floating in cytoplasm |
| Which cell type is larger and more complex? A) Viral B) Eukaryotic C) Prokaryotic D) Bacterial | B, Eukaryotic |
| What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t? A) Chloroplasts B) Lysosomes C) Ribosomes D) Mitochondria | A, Chloroplasts |
| What is the function of the cell wall in plants? A) DNA replication B) Energy production C) Support and protection D) Photosynthesis | C, Support and protection |
| What structure stores water in plant cells? A) Ribosome B) Cytoplasm C) Central vacuole D) Nucleus | C, Central vacuole |
| What is the function of ribosomes? A) Protein synthesis B) Energy production C) Storage D) Digestion | A, Protein synthesis |
| What does the mitochondrion do? A) Produces ATP (energy) B) Synthesizes proteins C) Stores nutrients D) Controls the cell | A, Produces ATP (energy) |
| What is the job of the Golgi apparatus? A) Stores waste B) Makes lipids C) Packages and ships proteins D) Creates ribosomes | C, Packages and ships proteins |
| What does the nucleolus produce? A) DNA B) ATP C) Ribosomes D) Lipids | C, Ribosomes |
| What is the function of the cytoskeleton? A) Creates energy B) Gives shape and support C) Makes proteins D) Stores DNA | B, Gives shape and support |
| What organelle performs photosynthesis? A) Ribosome B) Chloroplast C) Lysosome D) Mitochondria | B, Chloroplast |
| What is the cell membrane made of? A) Phospholipid bilayer B) Glucose C) Cell wall D) DNA and protein | A, Phospholipid bilayer |
| Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic? A) Head B) Both C) Tail D) Neither | A, Head |
| Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic? A) Both B) Head C) Tail D) Neither | C, Tail |
| What does the cell membrane do? A) Stores nutrients B) Controls what enters and leaves C) Creates energy D) Makes proteins | B, Controls what enters and leaves |
| What is homeostasis? A) Cell growth B) Active transport C) Maintaining a stable internal environment D) Energy production | C, Maintaining a stable internal environment |
| What is dynamic equilibrium? A) Constant change while maintaining balance B) No change C) Unstable state D) Rapid breakdown | A, Constant change while maintaining balance |
| What type of transport requires energy? A) Active transport B) Passive transport C) Diffusion D) Osmosis | A, Active transport |
| What type of transport does NOT require energy? A) Passive transport B) Endocytosis C) Active transport D) Exocytosis | A, Passive transport |
| What is diffusion? A) Movement from low to high B) Requires ATP C) Movement of molecules from high to low concentration D) Active process | C, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration |
| What is osmosis? A) Diffusion of water B) Movement of proteins C) Diffusion of oxygen D) Active transport | A, Diffusion of water |
| What happens in a hypertonic solution? A) Cell swells B) Cell shrinks C) No change D) Cell bursts | B, Cell shrinks |
| What happens in a hypotonic solution? A) Cell shrinks B) Cell swells C) No movement D) Cell hardens | B, Cell swells |
| What happens in an isotonic solution? A) Cell bursts B) Water moves equally in and out C) Cell shrinks D) Water only moves in | B, Water moves equally in and out |
| What is negative feedback? A) Causes disease B) Stops cell growth C) Reverses a change to maintain balance D) Strengthens a change | C, Reverses a change to maintain balance |
| What is positive feedback? A) Keeps balance B) Increases the original change C) Stops the reaction D) Slows a process | B, Increases the original change |
| Example of negative feedback: A) Childbirth contractions B) Blood sugar control C) Blood clotting D) Fever rise | B, Blood sugar control |
| Example of positive feedback: A) Childbirth contractions B) Blood sugar control C) Body temperature D) Water balance | A, Childbirth contractions |
| What is a stem cell? A) A dead cell B) An unspecialized cell that can become other types C) A reproductive cell D) A muscle cell | B, An unspecialized cell that can become other types |
| What is a specialized cell? A) Can turn into any cell B) Performs a specific function C) Always divides D) Lacks a nucleus | B, Performs a specific function |
| What is cellular differentiation? A) Process of cells becoming specialized B) Cells dividing C) Cells shrinking D) Energy production | A, Process of cells becoming specialized |
| Order of biological organization (smallest to largest): A) Organ → Cell → Tissue → Organ system B) Tissue → Cell → Organ C) Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism D) Organism → Organ system → Cell | C, Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism |
| What are the two main purposes of cell division? A) Growth and repair B) Energy and storage C) Movement and digestion D) Photosynthesis | A, Growth and repair |
| What happens during S phase? A) DNA is replicated B) Proteins are made C) Cell divides D) Cell rests | A, DNA is replicated |
| During which phase do chromosomes line up in the center? A) Anaphase B) Metaphase C) Prophase D) Telophase | B, Metaphase |
| During which phase are sister chromatids pulled apart? A) Metaphase B) Anaphase C) Prophase D) Telophase | B, Anaphase |
| What is cytokinesis? A) Division of cytoplasm B) Growth phase C) DNA replication D) Cell death | A, Division of cytoplasm |
| How does cytokinesis differ in plants and animals? A) Both pinch inward B) Plant cells form a cell plate; animal cells pinch inward C) Both form a plate D) Animal cells form a cell wall | B, Plant cells form a cell plate; animal cells pinch inward |
| What ensures cells divide correctly? A) Ribosomes B) Checkpoints C) Lysosomes D) Vacuoles | B, Checkpoints |
| What is apoptosis? A) Programmed cell death B) Uncontrolled growth C) Cell differentiation D) Mutation | A, Programmed cell death |
| What is a tumor? A) Healthy tissue B) Cluster of dead cells C) Mass of uncontrolled cells D) New organ | C, Mass of uncontrolled cells |
| What is a benign tumor? A) Spreading tumor B) Non-spreading tumor C) Virus infection D) Cancerous cell | B, Non-spreading tumor |
| What is a malignant tumor? A) Non-dividing B) Harmless lump C) Spreads to other tissues D) Heals on its own | C, Spreads to other tissues |
| What can cause cancer? A) DNA mutations B) Normal cell division C) Homeostasis D) Healthy diet | A, DNA mutations |
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