The study of how the body and its parts function to maintain life.

The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment through feedback mechanisms.

What are the two main types of feedback loops in physiology?

Negative feedback (reverses a change, like regulating body temperature) and positive feedback (amplifies a change, like childbirth contractions).

What does the sodium-potassium pump do?

Uses ATP to move sodium out of cells and potassium in, maintaining the electrical balance needed for nerve impulses

What happens during an action potential?

A neuron rapidly depolarizes and repolarizes, sending an electrical impulse along the nerve.

What is the all-or-none principle?

Once a neuron reaches threshold, it fires completely; if not, it doesn’t fire at all.

How does the autonomic nervous system help maintain body function?

It controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, digestion, and breathing rate.

What’s the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Sympathetic = “fight or flight”; Parasympathetic = “rest and digest.”

What triggers muscle contraction?

The release of calcium ions (Ca++) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential.

Why is ATP important for muscle contraction?

It provides energy for myosin heads to detach and reattach to actin filaments, allowing muscles to contract and relax.

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Victoria Santacruz

Physiology weeks 1-6

Question	Answer
What is physiology?	The study of how the body and its parts function to maintain life.
What is homeostasis?	The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment through feedback mechanisms.
What are the two main types of feedback loops in physiology?	Negative feedback (reverses a change, like regulating body temperature) and positive feedback (amplifies a change, like childbirth contractions).
What does the sodium-potassium pump do?	Uses ATP to move sodium out of cells and potassium in, maintaining the electrical balance needed for nerve impulses
What happens during an action potential?	A neuron rapidly depolarizes and repolarizes, sending an electrical impulse along the nerve.
What is the all-or-none principle?	Once a neuron reaches threshold, it fires completely; if not, it doesn’t fire at all.
How does the autonomic nervous system help maintain body function?	It controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, digestion, and breathing rate.
What’s the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?	Sympathetic = “fight or flight”; Parasympathetic = “rest and digest.”
What triggers muscle contraction?	The release of calcium ions (Ca++) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in response to an action potential.
Why is ATP important for muscle contraction?	It provides energy for myosin heads to detach and reattach to actin filaments, allowing muscles to contract and relax.

Created by: user-1990144

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