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Chem Test

QuestionAnswer
What is Electromagnetic Radiation and its properties? - Energy in the form of light - Moves in sine wave - Short wave = high energy - Long wave = low energy
Bohr Model of Electrons - Electrons are particles - e- occupy discreet energy levels beyond the nucleus (no in between) - Levels are numbers (n=1, n=2, n=3 ect) - n=1 is closest to nucleus and has the lowest amount of energy n=00 most amount of energy and farthest
How do electrons absorb and release energy? Absorbs energy in the form of heat Releases energy in the form of light
Limitations of Bohr Model - only explains one electron - 2D - Does not explain chemical reactivity
New Theory (Quantum Model) - We cant know the exact position of the electrons because they are small and always moving (Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle) - electrons occupy subshells (clouds) - clouds are probably locations for electrons
The 4 Quantum Numbers Principle Quantum (Shell/ energy level), Orbital Quantum (subshell), Magnetic Quantum Number (which subshell the electron is in), Spin Quantum (the state of the electron in its orbital 1/2 (up) -1/2 (down)
Aufbau Principle electrons are lazy and occupy the lowest energy level possible
Hund Rule e need their spacewon't double up in an orbital until necessary
Pauli Exclusion Principle electrons are special and none of them have the same four quantum numbers
Orbital Notation the notation with the arrows showing electrons
Valence electrons the electrons in the outer shell
Octet rule 8 is great but for hydrogen and helium 2 will do
Charge of Cations and Anions Cations are positive and Anions are negative
Naming Cations and anions -cations, keep element name and add ion after it - anions, first syllable of element name and add the suffixe ide
Mendeleev Developed the first PT in order of increasing atomic mass. He noticed repetivive properties at regular intervals Left some spots blank and correctly predicted that they one day would be discovered. (some elements didnt fit in his table)
Moseley Died in WW 1 Determined the pattern was number of protons and not atomic mass like mendelevv though Created the term atomic number Todays perotic tables are arranged like he wanted them too
Seaborg Formulated actinide concept The last row of periodic table was added (all or radioactive and main made)
Group 1 Alkali metals Very reactive Not found pure in nature
Group 2 Alkali Earth Metals Very reactive (but less than group 1), not found pure in nation, found in Earth's crust
Traditions Metals (D block) Typical metals (metallic appearance, good conductors, malleable, ductile)
Group 17 Halogens Electrons give off lots of light Combine with metals to form salts
Group 18 Noble Gases not reactive (inert) they have 8 VE
Lathanides (4f) Shiny and reactive
Actinides (5f) radioactive man made
Created by: user-1961789
 

 



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