Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Psychology Bio Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Action potential | A brief electrical charge that travels down a neuron’s axon, triggering the release of neurotransmitters. |
| Adrenal glands | Endocrine glands above the kidneys that release hormones like adrenaline and cortisol during stress. |
| Agonists | Drugs or chemicals that mimic neurotransmitters and activate receptor sites in the brain. |
| all or nothing | The idea that a neuron either fires completely or doesn’t fire at all—there’s no partial firing. |
| Amygdala | A part of the limbic system linked to emotions such as fear and aggression. |
| Antagonists | Drugs that block neurotransmitter functioning by occupying receptor sites. |
| Association areas | Regions of the cerebral cortex that integrate sensory input with stored memories and higher mental functions. |
| Autonomic nervous system | The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary body functions like heartbeat and digestion. |
| Axon | The long fibre of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons. |
| Behavior genetics | The study of how genes and environment influence individual differences in behavior. |
| Brainstem | The oldest part of the brain, responsible for automatic survival functions like breathing and heartbeat. |
| Central nervous system (CNS) | The brain and spinal cord, which process and send out information throughout the body. |
| Cerebellum | The “little brain” at the back of the brainstem that coordinates movement and balance. |
| Cerebral cortex | he outer layer of the brain responsible for complex thinking, planning, and decision-making. |
| Chromosomes | Threadlike structures made of DNA that contain genetic information. |
| Cognitive neuroscience | The study of how brain activity is linked to mental processes like perception, memory, and language. |
| Corpus callosum | The large band of neural fibres connecting the two brain hemispheres and allowing communication between them. |
| Cocaine | A stimulant drug that increases dopamine levels, producing temporary euphoria and energy followed by a crash. |
| Consciousness | Our awareness of ourselves and our environment. |
| Delta waves | The large, slow brain waves that occur during deep NREM sleep. |
| Dendrites | Branchlike extensions of neurons that receive messages from other cells. |
| Depressants | Drugs that slow down body functions and the nervous system, like alcohol or barbiturates. |
| Dissociation | A split in consciousness that allows some thoughts or behaviours to occur separately from awareness. |
| DNA | The molecule that carries genetic information making up chromosomes. |
| Dream | A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts that occur during sleep, often during REM. |
| Dual processing | The idea that information is processed on both a conscious and unconscious level at the same time. |
| Ecstasy (MDMA) | A stimulant and mild hallucinogen that increases energy, emotional warmth, and distorted perception. |
| Endocrine system | The body’s chemical communication system that uses hormones to regulate processes like growth and metabolism. |
| Endorphins | Natural painkillers and mood elevators produced by the brain. |
| Frontal lobes | The brain area behind the forehead involved in planning, judgment, movement, and personality. |
| Genes | Segments of DNA that are the basic units of heredity. |
| Glial cells | Support cells that nourish and protect neurons and help maintain homeostasis in the brain. |
| Hallucinations | False sensory experiences, such as seeing or hearing things that aren’t real. |
| Hallucinogens | Drugs like LSD that distort perceptions and cause sensory experiences without real stimuli. |
| Heritability | The proportion of variation among individuals that’s due to genetic differences. |
| Hormones | Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream. |
| Hypnosis | A state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility. |
| Hypothalamus | A brain structure that regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and links the nervous and endocrine systems. |
| Insomnia | A sleep disorder marked by persistent problems falling or staying asleep. |
| Interneurons | Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that connect sensory and motor neurons. |
| Latent content | The hidden psychological meaning of a dream. |
| Lesion | Tissue destruction in the brain used to study the function of specific areas. |
| Limbic system | A group of brain structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory. |
| LSD | A powerful hallucinogenic drug known for altering perception and mood. |
| Manifest content | The remembered storyline of a dream. |
| Medulla | The base of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing. |
| Methamphetamine | A powerfully addictive stimulant that speeds up body functions and changes mood. |
| Motor cortex | The brain area that controls voluntary muscle movements. |
| Motor neuron | A neuron that carries outgoing information from the brain or spinal cord to muscles and glands. |
| Mutation | A random error in gene replication that can lead to variation. |
| Myelin sheath | A fatty tissue layer around axons that speeds up neural impulses. |
| Narcolepsy | A sleep disorder where people suddenly fall asleep during normal activities. |
| Near-death experience | An altered state of consciousness reported by people close to death, often involving bright lights or peace. |
| Nerves | Bundles of axons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body. |
| Nervous system | The body’s electrochemical communication network that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. |
| Neurogenesis | The formation of new neurons in the brain. |
| Neuron | A nerve cell that sends and receives information through electrical and chemical signals. |
| Neurotransmitters | Chemical messengers that travel across synapses to carry signals between neurons. |
| Nicotine | A stimulating and addictive drug found in tobacco. |
| Night terrors | Episodes of intense fear during sleep, often accompanied by movement and screaming |
| NREM sleep | Non-rapid eye movement sleep; the stages of sleep without vivid dreams. |
| Occipital lobes | The part of the brain that processes visual information. |
| Opiates | Drugs like heroin and morphine that reduce pain and produce euphoria. |
| Parietal lobes | Brain regions involved in processing touch and body position. |
| Parasympathetic nervous system | The part of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body and conserves energy. |
| Peripheral nervous system (PNS) | All the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that connect the CNS to the body. |
| Pituitary gland | The “master gland” that controls hormone release from other glands in the body. |
| Plasticity | The brain’s ability to change and adapt by reorganizing after damage or through learning. |
| Psychoactive drug | A substance that changes perceptions, mood, or behavior. |
| Reflex | An automatic response to a stimulus, such as pulling your hand away from heat. |
| REM rebound | The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM deprivation. |
| REM sleep | A sleep stage with vivid dreaming and rapid eye movements; brain activity is similar to being awake. |
| Reuptake | The reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by the neuron that released it. |
| Reticular formation | A network of neurons in the brainstem that controls arousal and alertness. |
| Sensory neuron | A neuron that carries information from sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord. |
| Sleep | A natural state of rest important for restoring body and brain functions. |
| Sleep apnea | A disorder where breathing repeatedly stops during sleep. |
| Somatic nervous system | The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary muscle movement. |
| Somatosensory cortex | The brain area that processes touch and body sensations. |
| Split-brain | A condition in which the corpus callosum is cut, isolating the two hemispheres. |
| Stimulants | Drugs that speed up body functions and increase energy and alertness. |
| Substance use disorder | Continued substance use despite significant life disruption or risk. |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) | A cluster of brain cells that control the body’s circadian rhythm. |
| Sympathetic nervous system | The part of the autonomic system that prepares the body for action or stress. |
| Synapse | The tiny gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released. |
| temporal lobe | Brain areas involved in hearing, language, and memory. |
| thalmus | The brain’s sensory control centre that directs messages to proper areas of the cortex. |
| THC | The active ingredient in marijuana that triggers mild hallucinations. |
| Threshold | The level of stimulation needed to trigger a neural impulse. |
| Tolerance | When more of a drug is needed to achieve the same effect. |
| Withdrawal | The discomfort and distress that follow stopping the use of an addictive drug. |
Created by:
user-1898992