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Physiology Week 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main job of the integumentary system? | To protect the body from germs, chemicals, and injury while helping control temperature and prevent dehydration. |
| What are two main layers of the skin? | The epidermis (outer layer) and the dermis (inner layer that has blood vessels and glands). |
| What does the hypodermis do? | It stores fat, keeps us warm, and cushions our organs. |
| What is thermoregulation? | The process that keeps body temperature stable through sweating or blood vessel changes. |
| What are the three functions of the skeletal system? | Support, movement, and blood-cell production (hematopoiesis). |
| What happens to bones in space? | Astronauts lose bone density because microgravity reduces mechanical stress on bones. |
| What is excitation-contraction coupling? | The process where a nerve signal makes a muscle contract through calcium release and ATP use. |
| What are the three phases of an action potential? | Depolarization (Na⁺ in), repolarization (K⁺ out), and hyperpolarization (a short reset). |
| What does “all-or-none principle” mean? | Once a neuron fires, it fires completely; if it doesn’t reach the threshold, nothing happens. |
| What are T-tubules and what do they do? | They carry electrical impulses deep into the muscle cell to help start contraction. |
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