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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the Enlightenment? | An intellectual movement (1600s–1800s) that questioned traditional beliefs and inspired widespread political, economic, and social change. |
| What did the Enlightenment challenge? | It challenged political authorities in Europe and colonial rule in the Americas. |
| What did the Enlightenment inspire? | Political and social movements, revolutions, and reforms around the world. |
| When did the Enlightenment occur? | Between the 1600s and 1800s, also called the “Age of Reason.” |
| What was the main idea of the Enlightenment? | The belief that reason and logic can improve society, government, and human life. |
| What does “Revolutions cause revolutions” mean? | One revolution often inspires others around the world to fight for change. |
| Which revolutions were influenced by Enlightenment ideas | 1. American Revolution (1776–1783) 2. French Revolution (1789–1799 / 1815) 3. Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) |
| Where was the main center of Enlightenment ideas? | Europe, especially France, where philosophers debated new ideas. |
| What are “Natural Rights”? | Rights all people are born with—life, liberty, property, and health. |
| What is a “Social Contract”? | An unwritten agreement between people and government: citizens give up some freedom for protection and order. |
| What is “Consent of the Governed”? | The government’s power comes from the people who agree to be ruled. |
| What is “Hegemony”? | Dominance or leadership by one group or government over others, often through influence or control. |