FIBROUS JOINTS (SYNARTHROSES)

Syndesmoses are joints in which fibrous bands (ligaments) connect two bones. Sutures are found only in the skull. Gomphoses are unique joints that occur between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS (AMPHIARTHROSES)

Cartilaginous joints are formed when bones are connected by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. If hyaline cartilage connects the bones, the joint is a synchondrosis; if fibrocartilage connects them, it’s a symphysis.

SYNOVIAL JOINTS (DIARTHROSES)

Synovial joints are freely movable joints. They are not only the body’s most mobile but also its most numerous and anatomically most complex joints. A majority of the joints between bones in the appendicular skeleton are synovial joints.

Structure of Synovial Joints

Joint capsule. Sleevelike extension of the periosteum of each of the articulating bones. The capsule forms a complete casing around the ends of the bone, thereby binding them to each other

Structure of Synovial Joints

Synovial membrane. Moist, slippery membrane that lines the inner surface of the joint capsule. It attaches to the margins of the articular cartilage. It also secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the in-ner joint surfaces.

Structure of Synovial Joints

Articular cartilage. Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering and cushioning the articular surfaces of bones.

Structure of Synovial Joints

Joint cavity. Small space between the articulating surfaces of the two bones of the joint. Absence of tissue between ar-ticulating bone surfaces permits extensive movement. Syno-vial joints are therefore diarthroses, or freely movable joints.

Structure of Synovial Joints

Menisci (articular disks). Pads of fibrocartilage located between the articulating ends of bones in some diarthro-ses. Usually these pads divide the joint cavity into two separate cavities. The knee joint contains two menisci

Structure of Synovial Joints

Ligaments. Strong cords of dense, white fibrous tissue at most synovial joints. They grow between the bones, and lash them even more firmly together than is possible with the joint capsule alone.

Structure of Synovial Joints

Bursae. Some synovial joints contain a closed pillowlike structure called a bursa, which consists of a synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid. Bursae tend to be associated with bony prominences such knee and elbow.

Types of Synovial Joints

UNIAXIAL: JOINTS A HINGE JOINT & PIVOT JOINT. BIAXIAL JOINTS: SADDLE JOIN & CONDYLOID JOINT. MULTIAXIAL JOINTS: BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT & GLIDING JOINT.

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NancyG.

Physiology Week 7 Assignment

Term	Definition
FIBROUS JOINTS (SYNARTHROSES)	Syndesmoses are joints in which fibrous bands (ligaments) connect two bones. Sutures are found only in the skull. Gomphoses are unique joints that occur between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS (AMPHIARTHROSES)	Cartilaginous joints are formed when bones are connected by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. If hyaline cartilage connects the bones, the joint is a synchondrosis; if fibrocartilage connects them, it’s a symphysis.
SYNOVIAL JOINTS (DIARTHROSES)	Synovial joints are freely movable joints. They are not only the body’s most mobile but also its most numerous and anatomically most complex joints. A majority of the joints between bones in the appendicular skeleton are synovial joints.
Structure of Synovial Joints	Joint capsule. Sleevelike extension of the periosteum of each of the articulating bones. The capsule forms a complete casing around the ends of the bone, thereby binding them to each other
Structure of Synovial Joints	Synovial membrane. Moist, slippery membrane that lines the inner surface of the joint capsule. It attaches to the margins of the articular cartilage. It also secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the in-ner joint surfaces.
Structure of Synovial Joints	Articular cartilage. Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering and cushioning the articular surfaces of bones.
Structure of Synovial Joints	Joint cavity. Small space between the articulating surfaces of the two bones of the joint. Absence of tissue between ar-ticulating bone surfaces permits extensive movement. Syno-vial joints are therefore diarthroses, or freely movable joints.
Structure of Synovial Joints	Menisci (articular disks). Pads of fibrocartilage located between the articulating ends of bones in some diarthro-ses. Usually these pads divide the joint cavity into two separate cavities. The knee joint contains two menisci
Structure of Synovial Joints	Ligaments. Strong cords of dense, white fibrous tissue at most synovial joints. They grow between the bones, and lash them even more firmly together than is possible with the joint capsule alone.
Structure of Synovial Joints	Bursae. Some synovial joints contain a closed pillowlike structure called a bursa, which consists of a synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid. Bursae tend to be associated with bony prominences such knee and elbow.
Types of Synovial Joints	UNIAXIAL: JOINTS A HINGE JOINT & PIVOT JOINT. BIAXIAL JOINTS: SADDLE JOIN & CONDYLOID JOINT. MULTIAXIAL JOINTS: BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT & GLIDING JOINT.

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