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Human Physiology

Study Week 1-6

QuestionAnswer
What is homeostasis? Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
What are the three levels of homeostatic control? Receptor (detects change), Control Center (interprets information), and Effector (carries out the response).
How does a negative feedback loop work? It reverses a change in a controlled condition to restore balance (e.g. body temperature regulation).
What are the four major groups of organic substances in the body? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
What are the functions of lipids? Energy storage, insulation, protection, and forming cell membranes.
Why is protein shape important? The specific shape determines the protein’s function; if altered, the protein may lose its function.
Compare the structure of DNA and RNA. DNA is double-stranded with deoxyribose sugar; RNA is single-stranded with ribose sugar.
How is energy released from ATP? When a phosphate bond is broken, forming ADP and releasing energy.
What is facilitated diffusion? Passive transport that uses carrier proteins to move larger molecules across membranes.
What role do enzymes play in metabolism? Enzymes speed up chemical reactions without being consumed, by lowering activation energy.
What are the four phases of mitosis? Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What is the main function of epithelial tissue? To cover surfaces, line cavities, and form glands.
What are the five homeostatic functions of bones? Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production.
What are the three general functions of skeletal muscle tissue? Movement, posture maintenance, and heat production.
What characteristics enable skeletal muscle to function? Excitability, contractility, and extensibility.
Created by: Ruth M
 

 



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