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Chapter 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| an- = not, without -uria = urine condition | lack of the ability to form or excrete urine |
| azot/o = nitrogen-containing waste, urea -emia = blood condition | the presence of nitrogen-containing waste in the bloodstream as a result of the kidneys failing to filter the blood |
| bacteri/o = bacteria -uria = urine condition | a condition of bacteria in the urine |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -algia = pain | pain in the bladder |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the bladder |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -lith = stone | a stone that has formed or lodged in the bladder; also called a vesical calculus |
| dys- = painful, difficult -uria = urine condition | a condition of difficulty or pain with urination |
| glomerul/o = glomerulus nephr/o = kidney -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the glomeruli, marked by the spilling of blood and protein over into the urine |
| hemat/o = blood -uria = urine condition | blood or blood cells in the urine |
| hydr/o = water nephr/o = kidney -osis = abnormal condition | the swelling of one or both kidneys due to urine buildup from urinary tract obstruction |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -itis = inflammation | a chronic condition that causes bladder pressure and pain, pelvic pain, and frequent urination |
| nephr/o = kidney -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the kidney |
| nephr/o = kidney lith/o = stone -iasis = abnormal condition | the condition of having stones form when urine crystallizes in the kidneys; also called kidney stones or renal calculi |
| nephr/o = kidney -logist = one who studies | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats condi- tions of the kidneys |
| nephr/o = kidney -logy = study of | the medical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of kidney conditions |
| nephr/o = kidney -oma = tumor, mass | a tumor of the kidney |
| nephr/o = kidney -tic = pertaining to | a disorder in which the kidneys release too much protein into the urine (proteinuria); also known as nephrosis |
| neur/o = nerve -genic = produced by, producing | a condition affecting the bladder and bladder con- trol due to damage or disease of the brain, spinal cord, or central nervous system |
| noct/i = night -uria = urine condition | excessive urination during the night |
| olig/o = small, scant -uria = urine condition | production of very little urine (less than 400 mL/ day) |
| poly- = many cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -ic = pertaining to | a condition in which the kidneys are covered with many fluid-filled cysts; also called PKD |
| poly- = many -uria = urine condition | producing excessive amounts of urine |
| protein- = protein -uria = urine condition | the presence of protein in the urine |
| pyel/o = renal pelvis nephr/o = kidney -itis = inflammation | inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis (the area where the ureter is connected to the kidney) |
| ren/o = kidney -al = pertaining to carcin/o = cancer -oma = tumor, mass, swelling | a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the kidney |
| ren/o = kidney -al = pertaining to | moderate to severe pain that is usually caused by the passage of a kidney stone |
| ren/o = kidney vascul/o = blood vessel -ar = pertaining to | a condition in which a blockage of arteries in the kidneys causes high blood pressure |
| ur/o = urine, urinary tract -emia = blood condition | the collection of waste products in the blood; usu- ally associated with kidney failure |
| ur/o = urine gynec/o = female -logist = one who studies | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats condi- tions of the female reproductive system and uri- nary system |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -ectomy = surgical removal | the surgical removal of the bladder |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -scopy = process of visually examining | examination of the bladder using a cystoscope, or a thin tube with a light and video camera, inserted through the urethra |
| cyst/o = sac, pouch, urinary bladder -stomy = surgical creation of an opening in the body | the surgical creation of an opening into the bladder through the abdominal wall |
| pyel/o = renal pelvis -gram = record, image | an x-ray of the ureter and renal pelvis enhanced by use of an intravenous contrast dye |
| lith/o = stone -tripsy = crushing | a procedure that uses sound waves to break up kid- ney stones |
| nephr/o = kidney -ectomy = surgical removal | the surgical removal of a kidney |
| nephr/o = kidney -stomy = surgical creation of an opening in the body | the surgical creation of an opening from the renal pelvis to the outside of the body |
| per- = through cutane/o = skin -ous = pertaining to nephr/o = kidney lith/o = stone -tomy = surgical incision | a procedure that removes kidney stones from the body that are too large to pass on their own or re- move with lithotripsy; a small incision is made in the flank to remove the stones |
| ureter/o = ureter -scopy = process of visually examining | examination of the ureter or kidney using a uretero- scope, or a thin tube with a light and video camera, inserted through the urethra and advanced toward the kidney; may also be used in the process of removing kidney stones |
| ureter/o = ureter -stomy = surgical creation of an opening in the body | a surgically created opening from a ureter to the abdomen that allows urine to be eliminated |
| ur/o = urine -logist = one who studies | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats condi- tions of the urinary system and the male reproduc- tive system |
| ur/o = urine -logy = study of | the medical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system and male reproductive system conditions |
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