Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP Lab Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ventral | toward the front of the body |
| Dorsal | toward the back of the body |
| Cervical | neck region |
| Brachial/ brachium | upper arm |
| Pelvis area | pelvic |
| Frontal | forehead |
| Orbital | eye region |
| buccal | cheek |
| sternal | breastbone area |
| coxal | hip |
| cephalic | head region |
| otic | ear |
| occipital | back of head |
| scapular | shoulder blade |
| gluteal | buttock region |
| calcaneal | heel of foot |
| plantar | sole of foot |
| popliteal | back of knee region |
| digestive system | liver |
| digestive system | pancreas |
| urinary system | kidneys, ureters, bladder |
| cardiovascular system | heart |
| endocrine system | pancreas |
| endocrine system | glands |
| endocrine system | thyroid |
| respiratory system | trachea |
| respiratory system | lungs |
| nervous system | brain and spine |
| nervous system | peripheral nerves |
| antebrachium | forearm |
| crus | leg |
| femoral | thigh region |
| carpal | wrist region |
| thoracic | chest |
| Oris | mouth |
| section | a 2d surface cut of a 3d structure |
| plane | 2d surface that passes through the body |
| Cross sections | images produced by transverse planes |
| Dorsal and Ventral Cavity | Largest body compartments |
| Ventral cavity | Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities |
| Ventral Cavity | Lungs, Heart, and Intestines |
| lymphatic system | spleen |
| lymphatic system | thymus |
| 1st region | right hypochondriac region |
| 2nd region | epigastric region |
| 3rd region | left hypochondriac region |
| 4th region | right lumbar region |
| 5th region | umbilical region |
| 6th region | left lumber region |
| 7th region | right iliac (inguinal) region |
| 8th region | hypogastric region |
| 9th region | left iliac (inguinal) region |
| RUQ organs | liver, gallbladder, and right kidney |
| LUQ organs | stomach, spleen, pancreas, left kidney |
| RLQ | Right ureters and part of small intestines and large instestines |
| LLQ | Left ureters and part of intestines |
| Auris | ear region |
| Mentis | chin area |
| mental | chin |
| antecubital | front of elbow |
| pollex | thumb |
| palmar | palm region |
| tarsus | ankle region |
| tarsal | ankle |
| Hallux | great toe |
| oculus | eye region |
| mammary | breast |
| inguinal | groin |
| pes | foot |
| acromial | shoulder |
| cephalon | head area |
| dorsum | back view |
| olecranon | back of elbow area |
| olecranonal | back of elbow |
| lumbar | loin (superior to the but) |
| manual/manus | hand |
| sural | calf |
| Mediastinum | a central compartment in the thoracic cavity located between the lungs |
| Mediastinum | heart, great blood vessels, and lymph nodes |
| pleural cavity | thin, fluid-filled space located between the lungs and the chest wall |
| Visceral pleura | Covers the surface of the lungs |
| Parietal pleura | Lines the inner surface of the chest wall |
| Pericardial cavity | Cavity within the mediastinum |
| Integumentary system | encloses internal body structures |
| Integumentary system | site of many sensory receptors |
| Skeletal system | Body support and enable movement |
| Muscular system | Enable movements and maintain BT |
| Integumentary system | hair, skin, and nails |
| Skeletal system | cartilage, bones, and joints |
| Muscular system | skeletal muscles and tendons |
| Nervous system | detects and processes sensory info |
| Nervous system | activates bodily responses |
| Endocrine system | secretes hormones |
| Endocrine system | regulates bodily processes |
| Endocrine system | testes and ovaries |
| Cardiovascular system | blood vessels |
| Cardiovascular system | delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues |
| Cardiovascular system | equalizes temperature in the body |
| lymphatic system | returns fluids to blood |
| lymphatic system | defends against pathogens |
| lymphatic system | lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels |
| respiratory system | removes CO2 from the body |
| respiratory system | delivers oxygen to blood |
| digestive system | processes food for use by the body |
| digestive system | remove wates from undigested good |
| digestive system | esophagus |
| digestive system | stomach |
| digestive system | intestines |
| Urinary system | water balance; remove waters from blood and excretes them |
| Golgi Apparatures | ships and transports proteins from the RER |
| SER | lipid synthesis, detoxification, and Ca++ high concentration |
| Mitochondria | convert nutrients into ATP |
| Lysosomes | contain digestive enzymes to break down unneeded cellular components |
| Homeostasis | Each organelles and cells' goal |
| Nucleus | Stores all genetic instructions |
| Smooth muscle cells | Spindle-shape, non-striated, one central nucleus |
| Smooth muscle cells | contract slowly to move substances |
| Anaphase | Phase of mitosis ensuring each new nucleus receives identical DNA |
| spindle-shaped | Allow tight packaging and smooth contraction in tissues |
| spindle-shaped | lets cells slide over each other without gaps or striations |
| chromatin | DNA in threadlike structure |
| Cytoskeleton | group of fibrous proteins that provide structural support for cells |
| Cytoskeleton | critical for cell motility, cell reproduction, and transportation of substance w/in the cell |
| Centrioles | assist cell division; origin for microtubules |
| 1st step of scientific method | observation |
| 2nd step of scientific method | hypothesis |
| 3rd step of scientific method | device a testable prediction |
| 4th step of scientific method | experiment |
| 5th step of scientific method | conclusion |
| 5th step of scientific method | publish data |
| Scientific method | evidence-based process for knowledge generation |
| Scientific method | to gain understanding about the natural worl |
| Positive control | known to work, give positive result |
| Negative control | known to not give positive result |
| Isotonic | equal solute concentration |
| Hypertonic | greater solutes outside; water leaves cell |
| Hypotonic | greater solute inside; water enters cell |
| Osmosis | water movement based on solute concentration |
| Ion in PM | requires channel protein |
| Benedicts solutions | sugar: blue - red |
| Microscope | examine cells and tissues |
| Optical Microscope | liight microscope |
| Compound Microscope | two set of lenses |
| Objective lenses | 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x |
| Scanning lense | 4x |
| Ocular | Eyepieces: 10x |
| Working distance | distance from tip of objective lens to the surface of the slide |
| Field Diamater | Area seen though the eyepieces |
| Parfocal microscope | focus remains nearly constant when changing magnification |
| low power lens | 10x |
| Cell | smallest independently functioning unit |
| Organelles | Tiny functioning units |
| Simple squamous epithelium | wide and flat cells to allow gas exchange |
| syncytium | single cell that contains several nuclei |
| RER | modifies proteins (membrane/export) |
| Ribosome | site of protein synthesis (translation) |
| Peroxisomes | Lipid metabolism, chemical detoxification (enzymes); ex: alcohol |
| cytoskeleton | structural support, motility, & transport |
| If Telophase fails | no distinct nuclei |
| if Cytokinesis fails | syncytium |
| Keratinocytes | most abundant in skin; form protective physical barrier |
| Melanocytes | protect mitotic cells from UV light (DNA damage) |
| Dendritic (Langerhans) cells | Macrophages that kill bacteria and/or alert immune cells |
| Tactile (Merkel) cells | nervous tissue that responds to light touches |
| Stratum Basale (Germinativum) | contains melanoctyes |
| Stratum spinosum | dendritic cells migration and spikey appearances; cells continue to divide |
| Stratum Granulosum | Lamellar Granules (Glycolipid, Hydrophobic Barrier); physical toughness |
| Stratum lucidum | clear layer |
| Stratum Corneum | Dead, Fully Keratinized, Flattened cells |
| Papillary Layer | Areolar CT that projects & nourishes into Epidermis; forms fingerprints |
| Reticular Layer | Dense irregular CT that allow strength and flexibility; hosts the accessory strucutres |
| Lamellar (Pacinian's) Corpuscles | nervous tissue in dermis/hypodermis that respond to pressure and vibration |
| Eccrine (Merocrine) Sweat Glands | found all over body; aid in thermoregulation |
| Sebaceous gland | usually associated w/ hair follicles; help skin moist |
| Hair Follicle Receptor (Root Hair Plexus) | senses hair being bent |
| Arrector Pili Muscles | smooth muscle that contracts to cause goose bumps |
| Osteon (Harversian system) | microscopic structure of compact bone |
| Lamellae | concentric rights-composed osteon; made of collagen fibers & salt |
| Canaliculi | Osteocyte's 'arms'; tiny canals for communication |
| Harversian (central) canal | contains blood vessels, nerves, & lymphatic vessel |
| Volkmann's canal | vessel and nerves from the canal at right angles through a perforating canal to extend to the periosteum & endosteum |
| Lacunae | spaces where Osteocytes are located |
| Osteocytes | bone cells |
| Periosteum | consists nutrient artery |
| Epiphysis | End of the long bone; spongy |
| Diaphysis | tubular shaft that runs between the proximal & distal ends |
| Medullary Cavity | Hollow region in diaphysis stores fat (yellow marrow) |
| Diaphysis' wall | Composed of dense and hard compact bone |
| hydroxyapatite | combination of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate; salt crystals form |
| hydroxyapatite | give bones hardness and strength |
| collagen fibers | give bones flexibility to prevent brittle |
| Hypocalcemia | abnormally low level of Ca++ |
| Axial Skeleton | vertical central axis of the body; head, neck, chest, & back bones |
| Cranium | facial & cranial bones |
| Appendicular skeleton | All bones of the upper and lower limb |
| Frontal bones | front part; upper part of the eye sockets |
| Parietal bones | posterior to frontal bones; upper back at each side |
| Temporal bones | lateral sides |
| External auditory meatus | ear hole |
| Zygomatic process | extends forward from temporal |
| Mastoid process | nipple-shaped projection behind ear |
| Occipital bone | inferior to parietal bones; base |
| Maxilla | upper jaws; forms part of the nose & eye socket |
| Mandible | lower jaw; only movable bone in skull |
| Vomer | separate left & right nasal cavities |
| Lacrimal bones | inner wall of each eye socket proximal to the nose; holds the lacrimal sac |
| Sphenoid bone | buttery-shaped; posterior to orbits & nasals & inferior to frontal lobe |
| Ethmoid bone | square; root of nose; posterior to lacrimal bone |
| Hard palate | root of mouth |
| Foramen Magnum | hole in the base of skill which the spinal cord passes |
| Occipital condyles | allow skull to joint Atlas |
| Coronal suture | between frontal & parietal |
| Sagittal suture | between 2 parietal bones |
| Squamous suture | between temporal and parietal |
| Lambdoid suture | between occipital and parietal bone |
| Occipitomastoid suture | between occipital and mastoid process of temporal bone |
| Sternum | elongated bony structure that anchors the anterior thoracic cage |
| Sternum | manubrium, body, & xiphoid process |
| Manubrium | wider, superior portion of the sternum; shallow, U-anterior base |
| Clavicular notch | shallow depression located on either side at the superior-lateral margins of manubrium |
| Body | elongated, central portion of the sternum |
| Xiphoid process | inferior tip of the sternum |
| True ribs | ribs 1-7 (vertebrosternal ribs) |
| False ribs | ribs 8-12 (vertebrochondral ribs); don't attach directly to the sternum |
| Fontanelle | large areas of dense connective tissue; soft spots on an infant's head |
| ossification centers | cartilage areas that gradually transform into bone tissue |
Created by:
FuirzH