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long bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Long Bones | a type of bone that is longer than it is wide, characterized by a long central shaft (diaphysis) and two ends (epiphyses) |
| Short Bones | small, cube-shaped bones in the body, most notably the carpals in the wrist and tarsals in the ankle |
| Flat Bones | thin, broad bones that protect internal organs and provide large surfaces for muscle attachment |
| Irregular Bones | a type of bone that have a complex and varied shape |
| Diaphysis | the shaft or central part of a long bone |
| Epiphysis | the end of the long bone |
| Epiphyseal Line | a thin, visible line that marks the boundary between the epiphysis |
| Metaphysis | the transitional zone of a long bone where the shaft (diaphysis) meets the end |
| Medullary Cavity | the central hollow space within the shaft (diaphysis) of long bones, filled with bone marrow |
| Yellow Bone Marrow | a type of soft, fatty tissue found inside the hollow cavities of certain bones |
| Periosteum | a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints |
| Articular Cartilage | a smooth, white, connective tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints |
| Trabeculae | each of a series or group of partitions formed by bands or columns of connective tissue, especially a plate of the calcareous tissue forming cancellous bone |
| Red Bone Marrow | a spongy, soft tissue found inside certain bones that produces blood cells |
| Osteon | microscopic structural unit of compact bone, also known as a Haversian system |
| Haversian Canal | any of the minute tubes which form a network in bone and contain blood vessels |
| Osteocyte | a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted |
| Osteoblast | a cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation |
| Osteoclast | a specialized cell in the body that is responsible for bone resorption—the breakdown and absorption of bone tissue |
| Canaliculi | a small channel or duct |
| Lamellae | a membranous fold in a chloroplast |
| Endosteum | a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the inner surfaces of bones |
| Lacuna | a cavity or depression, especially in bone |
| Blood Vessels | a network of tubes that transport blood throughout the body |
| Arterioles | a small branch of an artery leading into capillaries |
| Venules | a very small vein, especially one collecting blood from the capillaries |
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