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Chapter2ss naz8grade
Nazareth 8th grade chapter 2 social studies/ history
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| William Pitt | A British prime minister who sought out top Generals and helped turn the tide in the French and Indian war. |
| Sam Adam | A cousin of John Adams who established/started the Committees of Correspondence. |
| John Adams | A well-known Massachusetts lawyer who defended the soldiers in the Boston Massacre. |
| General Braddock | A very arrogant general that led the British army in the battle of fort duquesne/battle of the Monongahela |
| Thomas Preston | The British captain who was tried and acquitted in the Boston Massacre |
| Paul Revere | Went on the famous midnight ride to warn the people about the soldiers marching towards Lexington, and he made the bloody massacre engraving |
| George Washington | George Washington was a 21 year old surveyor in the Virginia militia who tried to order the French out. |
| Alliance | A formal agreement between two countries |
| Mercenary | Soldiers for hire by other countries to help fight. Britain hired these during the war. |
| Petition | Formal written request to a government (colonists petitioned the end of the stamp and sugar acts). |
| Minutemen | A group of men that would be ready to fight at a minutes notice |
| Militia | Civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army |
| Monopoly | Total control of a market for a certain product |
| Duty | Import tax |
| Repeal | An official end (colonists wanted intolerable acts repealed). |
| Boycott | Organized campaign to refuse to buy or use certain products. |
| Blockade | Barriers on the water to prevent anything from getting in or out |
| Cede | Give up land or territory |
| Writs of Assistance | A court order that allows searches and seizures without having to say what for. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Banned colonial settlement west of the Appalachians. |
| What was the Boston Massacre and why did it occur? | Upset about the tax on tea, a crowd gathered in the streets of Boston to protest. Frightened soldiers fired shots killing five and wounding 6. A famous engraving by Paul Revere depicts the event painting the blame on the british |
| What were the causes of the French and Indian War? | Both the British and French thought that the other wanted to increase the area they controlled. |
| Why did the French succeed at the beginning of the French and Indian war? | The French began the war on a winning note due to better leadership, better knowledge of the land, and better fighting tactics. |
| What was the Albany Congress? | Meeting of colonial leaders to come up with a plan to defend themselves vs the French. Ben Franklin came up with a plan to unite the colonies and published his famous Join or Die cartoon to try and persuade the colonies to unite. |
| Who did the British try to form an alliance with at the Albany Congress? | They tried to ally with the Iroquois Nation but they declined. |
| Sugar Act | Added an additional tax on sugar, molasses, and rum |
| Townshend Acts | Tax on random items such as glass, paint, paper, tea, and more |
| Tea Act | Gave British East India company a monopoly on selling tea in the colonies |
| Intolerable Acts | In response to the Boston Tea party, the acts closed the post of Boston, increased the powers of the royal governor, could hold murder trials in Britain, and strengthened the quartering act. |
| What was the “shot heard round the world”? | First shot of the American Revolution at Lexington. |
| What happened at Fort Ticonderoga? | Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain boys were able to surprise the British and force them to surrender the fort which controlled the main route to Canada and was a storage site of weapons. |
| What happened at the Battle of Bunker Hill? | The colonists were able to fend off 2 attacks from General Howe's British army. They were defeated on the third attempt, but gained confidence from the battle believing they could beat the British army. |
| What were the committees of correspondence? | A system started by Sam Adams' wish helped inform the colonies on British activities and discuss British acts that were passed. |
| Explain what led to the French and Indian War in America. What was the result of the War? Also, explain how the war helped lead to the American Revolution. POLITICAL | Political: Boston massacre |
| Explain what led to the French and Indian War in America. What was the result of the War? Also, explain how the war helped lead to the American Revolution. ECONOMIC | Economic: Large debt from the French in the Indian war, so the British taxed the colonists to get money , but the colonists did not want to be taxed without British colonies. All of the new taxes really angered the colonists. |
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