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Psych exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| consciousness | feeling thoughts, and aroused states of which we are aware |
| micro sleep | a brief episode of sleep that occurs in the midst of a wakeful activity |
| circadian | changes in bodily processes that occur repeatedly or approximately a 24 to 25 hour cycle |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) | a group of brain cells located in the hypothalamus that signal other brain areas when to be aroused and when to shut down |
| melatonin | a hormone in the body that facilities sleep |
| non-REM sleep | the relaxing state of sleep in which the persons eyes do not move |
| REM sleep | the active state of sleep in which the persons eyes move |
| REM behavior disorder | a condition in which normal muscle paralysis does not occur, violent movements |
| REM rebound | the loss of REM sleep is recouped by spending more time in REM on subsequent nights |
| manifest content | what the dreamer recalls on awakening |
| latent content | according to Freud, the symbolic meaning of a dream |
| continuity hypothesis | suggest that dreaming is a way of coping with daily problems and issues |
| memory theory | suggest that dreams are a way to consolidate information and to get rid of trivial detail in our memories |
| threat simulation theory (TST) | dreaming is an ancient biological defense mechanism that allows us to repeatedly simulate potentially threatening situations |
| activation-synthesis theory | dreams do not have symbolic meaning but by product of the brain's random firing of neural impulses during REM sleep |
| sleep disorder | a disturbance in the normal pattern of sleeping |
| insomnia | sleep disorder in which a person cannot sleep or stay asleep |
| narcolepsy | rare sleep disorder in which a person falls asleep during alert times of the day |
| sleep apnea | a sleep disorder in which a person stops breathing during sleep |
| restless legs syndrome (RLS) | neurological movement disorder occurring primarily at night in which a person has unpleasant sensation in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them to relive the discomfort |
| sleepwalking | sleep disorder in which a person is mobile and may perform actions during non- REM slow wave sleep |
| night terrors | very frightening non REM sleep episodes |
| nightmares | brief scary REM dreams that are often remembered |
| enuresis | a condition in which a person over the age of 5 shows an inability to control urination during sleep |
| Hypnosis | state of relaxation and heightened suggestibility |
| meditation | a practice whereby a person focuses their attention on a singular source such as a word, bodily sensation, or object for a period of time |
| mindfulness meditation | practice where a person intentionally focuses and pays attention to experiences what is going on in the moment |
| neo dissociation theory | Hilgard's proposal that hypnosis involves two simultaneous states hypnotic state and a hidden observer |
| response set theory of hypnosis | asserts that hypnosis is not an altered state of consciousness, but a cognitive set to respond appropriately to suggestions |
| psychoactive drugs | substances that influence the brain and thereby the individual's behavior |
| tolerance | a condition in which after repeated use, more of a drug is needed to achieve the same effect |
| substance use disorder | condition which in a person cannot control their drug use |
| withdrawal | physical or behavioral effects that occur after a person stops using a drug |
| depressants | drugs that inhibit or slow down normal neural functioning |
| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | birth condition resulting from the mother's chronic use of alcohol during pregnancy |
| opiates | painkilling drugs that depress some brain areas and excite others |
| hypnosis | a state of relaxation and heightened suggestibility |
| meditation | practice whereby a person focuses their attention on a singular source such as a word bodily sensation, or object for a period of time |
| psychoactive drugs | substances that influence the brain and thereby the individual's behavior |
| tolerance | a condition in which after repeated use, more of a drug is needed to achieve the same effect |
| manifest content | according to Freud, what the dreamer recalls on awakening |
| latent content | according to Freud, the symbolic meaning of a dream |
| continuity hypothesis | suggests that dreaming is a way of coping with daily problems and issues |
| memory theory | suggests that dreams are a way to consolidate information |
| threat simulation theory (TST) | dreaming an ancient biological defense mechanism that allows us to repeatedly simulate potentially threatening situations so |
| activation sythesis theory | suggests that dreams do not have symbolic meaning but are the byproduct of the brains random firing of neural impulses during REM sleep |
Created by:
Yesenia Diaz