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Essmyer Ch.17 Vocab
Question | Answer |
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the smallest particle of an element that can be identified with that element. Consists of protons and neutrons in a nucleus surrounded by electrons. | atoms |
substance made of only one kind of atom. Examples are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. | element |
the perpetual random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid medium. | Brownian Motion |
smallest particle of substance consisting of two or more atoms of the same or different elements bonded together. | molecule |
chemical substance made of atoms of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion. | compound |
description that uses numbers and symbols of elements to describe the proportions of elements in a compound or reaction. | chemical formula |
positively charged center of an atom which contains protons and neutrons and has almost all the mass of the entire atom but only a tiny fraction of the volume. | nucleus |
principle building blocks of the nucleus; a neutron or a proton. | nucleons |
electronically neutral particle that is one of two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | neutrons |
positively charged particle that is one of the two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | protons |
form of an element having a particular number of neutrons in the nuclei of its atoms. Different isotopes of a particular element have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. | isotopes |
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. | atomic number |
an atom or group of atoms bonded together with a net electric charge, which is due to the loss of gain of electrons. | ion |
model in which the electrons of an atom are pictured as grouped in concentric shells around the nucleus. | shell model of the atom |
a chart that lists elements by atomic number and by electron arrangements, so that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same column. | periodic table |
fourth phase of manner, in addition to solid, liquid, and gas. In the plasma phase, which exists mainly at high temperature, matter consists of positively charged ions and free electrons. | plasma |