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Earth Sciences
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many spheres does earth have? | 4 |
| Define Biosphere | The zone that encompasses all living organisms on the planet |
| Define Atmosphere | The layers of gas that surrounds the planet |
| Define Lithosphere | The upper layer of mantle and the crust and includes all geological features on the surface of the planet (consists of rock) |
| Define Hydrosphere | Includes all the water present on the planet in solid, liquid and gaseous states |
| Define Cryosphere | Frozen water part of the earth system |
| What is carbon cycle | describes the movement of carbon between the atmosphere, oceans, land and living organisms |
| How does the atmosphere store carbon | Atmosphere- in form of co^2 |
| How does oceans store carbon | Oceans- in form of co^2, in living & dead organisms found in the ocean and dissolved inorganic carbon |
| How does biosphere store carbon | Biosphere- all organic carbon in the form of biomass- primarily through living organisms like plants and animals, and in the soil where organic matter decomposes. |
| How does lithosphere store carbon | Lithosphere- in rocks and also fossil fuels |
| How does respiration return carbon into the atmosphere | Flora and fauna breaking down sugar which releases co^2 |
| How does animal waste return carbon into the atmosphere | Animal waste This returns carbon to the biomass part of cycle Decomposition of dead organisms- returns co2 and methanwback in environment |
| How does combustion of organic matter return carbon into the atmosphere | Combustion of organic matter- releases co^2 |
| How does the surface of oceans return carbon into the atmosphere | Surface of oceans- where it is warmer releases dissolved carbon |
| How does weathering of carbon rocks release carbon into atmosphere | release co^2 |
| what is another way that carbon is released into atmosphere | Volcanic eruptions and Metamorphorphism |
| What are some example of carbon process- ways carbon is taken from atmosphere | Photosynthesis, lithification, carbonification, combustion, respiration |
| How does photosynthesis take carbon away from atmosphere | Carbon dioxide is taken into plants and converted to glucose. d. The carbon and oxygen are then passed through the living matter of an ecosystem in the form of sugars as a result of digestioN |
| How does lithification take carbon away from atmosphere | Lithification removes atmospheric carbon by incorporating it into sedimentary rocks through a two-step process: weathering and mineral precipitation. First, atmospheric \(CO_{2}\) dissolves in water |
| How does carbonification take carbon away from atmosphere | is the process of creating solid carbon by heating organic matter without air, (is the formation of fossil fuels from dead organic matter) |