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week 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absolute refractory period | time during which the local area of the membrane has surpassed the threshold potential and will not respond to any stimulus |
| acetylcholine (ACh) | type of neurotransmitter used by motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions to stimulate muscle contraction at or in some autonomic synapses (in ganglionic synapses, at all parasympathetic effectors, and at some sympathetic effectors) |
| action potential | nerve impulse; membrane potential fluctuation of an actively conducting axon |
| depolarization | electrical activity that triggers a contraction of the heart muscle |
| divergence | when a single pre-synaptic axon synapses with more than one different postsynaptic neuron |
| hyperpolorization | increase in electrical charges separated by the cell membrane; causes change further below 0 mV |
| local potential | slight shift from resting membrane potential in a specific region of the plasma membrane |
| membrane potential | difference in electrical charge between inside and outside of the plasma membrane |
| postsynaptic potential | local potential produced by opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane |
| retrograde signaling | type of synaptic transmission in which chemical signals are sent from the postsynaptic neuron back to the presynaptic neuron, usually to facilitate or inhibit further presynaptic signals |
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