Explain how negative feedback helps maintain homeostasis in the human body.

Negative feedback reverses a change to bring the body back to normal conditions.

How do carbohydrates and lipids differ in their energy storage and structure?

Carbohydrates provide quick energy and are made of monosaccharides, while lipids store long-term energy and are made of fatty acids and glycerol.

Explain the difference between passive and active transport across the cell membrane.

Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient without energy, while active transport requires ATP to move molecules against their gradient.

What are the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces much more ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and yields less ATP, often producing lactic acid or ethanol.

Describe what happens during the S phase of interphase.

During the S phase, the cell replicates its DNA, ensuring each daughter cell will receive an identical copy of genetic material.

What roles do osteoblasts and osteoclasts play in bone remodeling?

Osteoblasts build new bone matrix, while osteoclasts break down old or damaged bone, working together to maintain bone strength and calcium balance.

What is the function of the foramen magnum, and where is it located?

The foramen magnum is a large opening in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to connect with the brainstem.

What is the largest and strongest bone in the human body, and why?

The femur is the largest and strongest bone because it supports the entire weight of the upper body and allows for powerful leg movement.

How do ligaments and tendons differ in function at a joint?

Ligaments connect bone to bone and stabilize joints, while tendons connect muscle to bone, transmitting the force needed for movement.

What triggers an action potential in a neuron?

An action potential begins when the neuron’s membrane reaches threshold potential, causing voltage-gated sodium channels to open and sodium ions to rush inside, depolarizing the cell.

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Jessica Rivera

SCI 221-07 StudyStack Set 1

Question	Answer
Explain how negative feedback helps maintain homeostasis in the human body.	Negative feedback reverses a change to bring the body back to normal conditions.
How do carbohydrates and lipids differ in their energy storage and structure?	Carbohydrates provide quick energy and are made of monosaccharides, while lipids store long-term energy and are made of fatty acids and glycerol.
Explain the difference between passive and active transport across the cell membrane.	Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient without energy, while active transport requires ATP to move molecules against their gradient.
What are the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?	Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces much more ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and yields less ATP, often producing lactic acid or ethanol.
Describe what happens during the S phase of interphase.	During the S phase, the cell replicates its DNA, ensuring each daughter cell will receive an identical copy of genetic material.
What roles do osteoblasts and osteoclasts play in bone remodeling?	Osteoblasts build new bone matrix, while osteoclasts break down old or damaged bone, working together to maintain bone strength and calcium balance.
What is the function of the foramen magnum, and where is it located?	The foramen magnum is a large opening in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to connect with the brainstem.
What is the largest and strongest bone in the human body, and why?	The femur is the largest and strongest bone because it supports the entire weight of the upper body and allows for powerful leg movement.
How do ligaments and tendons differ in function at a joint?	Ligaments connect bone to bone and stabilize joints, while tendons connect muscle to bone, transmitting the force needed for movement.
What triggers an action potential in a neuron?	An action potential begins when the neuron’s membrane reaches threshold potential, causing voltage-gated sodium channels to open and sodium ions to rush inside, depolarizing the cell.

Created by: jrivera_20

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