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Epilepsy meds

QuestionAnswer
Epilepsy Pathology Recurrent abnormal discharge of neurons
Treatment pathway Increase GABA (chill) decrease Glutamate (excitatory)
Sodium channel blocker for epilepsy Sodium channels are critical for nerve-cell firing, blocking sodium channels reduces the number of open channels for nerve firings, this prevents excessive neuron activity in epilepsy
Dilantin hydantoin phenytoin Sodium channel blocker
Dilantin DEADLY SJS- epithelial peeling starting at mouth Cardiac collapse- if given too quickly via IV Pregnancy category X
Dilantin INEFFECTIVE CNS depressant- sedation/drowsiness OHC interaction- lowers effectiveness Constant labs- phenytoin range 10-20 mcg/mL for effectiveness
Dilantin WEIRD Gingival hyperplasia: overgrowth of mucosal tissue
Tegretol carbemazepine Sodium channel blocker
Tegretol DEADLY HLA-B 15:02- genetic risk factor for SJS and TEN asian Report fluid retention- renal dysfunction
Tegretol INEFFECTIVE bone marrow suppression: low blood cell production Leukopenia: low WBC Thrombocytopenia: low clotting factor OHC interaction: lowers effectiveness
Tegretol WEIRD Grapefruit juice interaction
Trileptal oxcarbazepine sodium channel blocker: epilepsy
Trileptal DEADLY SJS- epithelial around the mouth HLA-B 15:02- genetic increase risk of SJS and TEN Asian
Trileptal INEFFECTIVE Bone marrow suppression: low blood cells=infection and bleeding Osteopenia: low bone-mineral density=fractures OHC interaction: lowers effectiveness
Trileptal WEIRD hypothyroid
OHC interaction sodium channel blockers speed up the body's metabolism of hormones in BC making it less effective
Phenytoin labs (Dilantin) Checking effectiveness and toxicity <10 mcg = ineffective 10-20 mcg = effective >20 mcg = possible toxicity
Calcium current inhibitor for epilepsy Blocks specialized T-type calcium channels which can cause absence seizures when dysfunctional
Absence seizures Non-motor, episodes of loss of consciousness with subtle eye movements, fluttering, or staring
Depakote valproic acid calcium current inhibitor
Depakote DEADLY SJS-epitheleal peeling starting at the mouth Liver toxicity- worried about liver failure, checking for hyperammonia Pregnancy cat X
Depakote INEFFECTIVE GI upset bone marrow suppression: immunity
Depakote WEIRD hyperammonia when taken with topiramate (liver failure)
Hyperammonemia and Liver failure The liver is responsible for converting ammonia to urea to be excreted, hyperammonemia is a sign of a failing liver
GABA enhancer for epilepsy Binds to GABA receptor to enhance GABA effects, suppress brain activity, and STOP seizures
midazolam Versed GABA enhancer
Versed DEADLY Respiratory depression Additive effect with other CNS depressants Potential for abuse, do not stop abruptly
Versed INEFFECTIVE Abortive treatment Potential for abuse, must be tapered off
Versed WEIRD Temporary amnesia Induces sleep
Versed also treats status epilepticus
Status epilepticus seizures >5 mins or less than 2 mins apart
Kepra Levetiracetam Novel anti-epileptic drug
Kepra DEADLY Associated with SJS syndrome
Kepra INEFFECTIVE well tolerated doesn't touch kidneys or liver
Kepra WEIRD Sleepiness Usual CNS depressant effects
Created by: mdedobbe
 

 



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