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Elizabeth Morales

midterm study guide

TermDefinition
What is homeostasis? The relatively constant state maintained by the body.
What are effectors? organs that directly influence controlled physiology variables.
Which four elements are contained in proteins? Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What are carbon-containing molecules formed by living things called? Organic molecules.
What is ATP? The form of energy that cells use.
what is the monomer of proteins? Amino Acids
What is a nucleic acid molecule composed of? subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond.
Why are DNA and RNA molecules important? They are important because they are information molecules.
Where does meiotic division occur? Primitive sex cells.
How does RNA make proteins? Translation
What is the sequence of three base pairs called in a DNA molecule? Codon
What is Transcription? The synthesis of mRNA
What is the result of meiosis? Four daughter cells that are haploid?
Which phase of interphase does replication of DNA occur? S Phase
Which part of the cell does glycolysis occur? cytoplasm
What are the two processes of protein synthesis? transcription and translation
What are enzymes? Proteins that act as catalysts
What is the gland responsible for the waxy secretion in the external ear canal? ceruminous
What is an age related skeletal disease that is characterized by loss of bone mineral density and increased bone fragility? Osteoporossis
What are the cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation? Endoplasmic recticulum and Golgi apparatus
What is the incomplete catabolized molecule that is a result of anaerobic respiration called? lactate
What is a subtype of fibrous joint only found in the skull? Suture
What is the minimal levelof stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract? Threshold stimulus
What is a characteristic of Synovial joints? It is a joint that is freely moveable.
What is it called when the contraction of muscle length remains the same but muscle tension increases? isometric contraction
What is the largest most injured joint in the body? Knee
What are synarthrotic joints? Immovable Joints
What are the phases of twitch contraction? latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase.
 

 



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