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Elizabeth Morales
midterm study guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is homeostasis? | The relatively constant state maintained by the body. |
| What are effectors? | organs that directly influence controlled physiology variables. |
| Which four elements are contained in proteins? | Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen |
| What are carbon-containing molecules formed by living things called? | Organic molecules. |
| What is ATP? | The form of energy that cells use. |
| what is the monomer of proteins? | Amino Acids |
| What is a nucleic acid molecule composed of? | subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond. |
| Why are DNA and RNA molecules important? | They are important because they are information molecules. |
| Where does meiotic division occur? | Primitive sex cells. |
| How does RNA make proteins? | Translation |
| What is the sequence of three base pairs called in a DNA molecule? | Codon |
| What is Transcription? | The synthesis of mRNA |
| What is the result of meiosis? | Four daughter cells that are haploid? |
| Which phase of interphase does replication of DNA occur? | S Phase |
| Which part of the cell does glycolysis occur? | cytoplasm |
| What are the two processes of protein synthesis? | transcription and translation |
| What are enzymes? | Proteins that act as catalysts |
| What is the gland responsible for the waxy secretion in the external ear canal? | ceruminous |
| What is an age related skeletal disease that is characterized by loss of bone mineral density and increased bone fragility? | Osteoporossis |
| What are the cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation? | Endoplasmic recticulum and Golgi apparatus |
| What is the incomplete catabolized molecule that is a result of anaerobic respiration called? | lactate |
| What is a subtype of fibrous joint only found in the skull? | Suture |
| What is the minimal levelof stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract? | Threshold stimulus |
| What is a characteristic of Synovial joints? | It is a joint that is freely moveable. |
| What is it called when the contraction of muscle length remains the same but muscle tension increases? | isometric contraction |
| What is the largest most injured joint in the body? | Knee |
| What are synarthrotic joints? | Immovable Joints |
| What are the phases of twitch contraction? | latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase. |