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mitosis

QuestionAnswer
Mitosis Process where a cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells
Purpose of mitosis For growth, repair, and asexual reproduction
Chromosome number after mitosis Same as parent cell (46 → 46)
Parent cell produces Two identical daughter cells
Functions of mitosis Reproduction (asexual), growth, and repair of tissues
Cell cycle Repeated pattern of growth and division in eukaryotic cells
Main stages of cell cycle Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
Interphase Stage where the cell grows, performs functions, and prepares for division
Percentage of cell life spent in interphase About 90%
Phases of interphase G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
G1 phase (Gap 1) Cell grows and carries out normal metabolism
S phase (Synthesis) DNA replication (chromosomes are copied)
G2 phase (Gap 2) Cell prepares for division by producing organelles and proteins
Mitosis Division of the nucleus (karyokinesis)
Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells
Stages of mitosis Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Prophase Chromatin condenses into chromosomes; spindle fibers form; nuclear membrane disappears
Spindle fibers Structures that help separate chromosomes during mitosis
Metaphase Chromosomes align at the equatorial (metaphase) plate
Anaphase Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles
Telophase Chromatids reach poles; new nuclear membranes and nucleoli form; spindle disappears
Cytokinesis in plant cells Formation of cell plate between daughter nuclei
Cytokinesis in animal cells Cell membrane pinches inward to form two cells
Karyokinesis Division of the nuclear material during mitosis
Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells
Sister chromatids Two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere
Chromatin Uncoiled DNA during interphase
Chromosomes Condensed form of DNA visible during mitosis
Prophase key event Chromosomes become visible; nucleolus disappears
Metaphase key event Chromosomes line up at the cell’s center
Anaphase key event Sister chromatids separate toward opposite poles
Telophase key event New nuclei form and chromosomes uncoil
Cell plate Structure that forms during plant cell cytokinesis to divide the cell
Result of mitosis Two identical daughter cells with same chromosome number as parent
Function of spindle fibers Move and separate chromosomes during cell division
Importance of mitosis in multicellular organisms Growth, repair, and replacement of damaged cells
Created by: user-1909129
 

 



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