Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Diuretics

QuestionAnswer
What is the main action of diuretics? Remove excess fluid by increasing renal excretion of electrolytes and water.
What are diuretics commonly used to treat? Hypertension and fluid overload (e.g., heart failure, edema).
How are diuretics classified? Based on site of action in the nephron and effect on potassium levels (wasting vs. sparing).
What are common adverse effects of all diuretics? Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, orthostatic hypotension, urinary frequency.
What should be monitored in patients taking diuretics? HR, BP, weight, intake/output, electrolytes, and renal function (BUN, creatinine).
When should diuretics be given? In the morning — to prevent nocturia and reduce fall risk.
What foods are high in potassium? Bananas, oranges (or juice), potatoes, raisins.
What are signs of hypokalemia? Dysrhythmias (irregular pulse, flat T waves), muscle cramps.
What are signs of hyperkalemia? Dysrhythmias (peaked T waves), muscle weakness.
What should patients on potassium-wasting diuretics do? Eat potassium-rich foods.
What should patients on potassium-sparing diuretics do? Avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes.
Thiazide Diuretic example? Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide Diuretic Mechanism of Action Major Side Effects Considerations MOA: Blocks sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule → ↑ excretion of water, sodium, and potassium (K-wasting). SE: Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia. Cons: Monitor renal function Encourage K-rich foods. Monitor blood glucose in diabetics.
Loop Diuretic example? Bumetanide, furosemide, torsemide.
Loop Diuretics Mechanism of Action Major Side Effects MOA: Blocks sodium, chloride, and potassium reabsorption in the loop of Henle → rapid fluid/electrolyte excretion (K-wasting). SE: Hypokalemia, ototoxicity.
How should IV furosemide be administered? Slowly over 1–2 minutes to prevent hearing loss.
What dietary teaching is important for loop diuretics? Encourage potassium-rich foods (bananas, oranges, potatoes).
Potassium-Sparing Diuretic examples? Spironolactone, triamterene.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Mechanism of Action Side Effects MOA: Causes sodium and water excretion while retaining potassium. SE: Hyperkalemia.
When should potassium-sparing diuretics be avoided? In renal failure or when combined with ACE inhibitors or potassium supplements.
What dietary teaching is important with potassium sparing diuretics? Avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes.
Osmotic Diuretic examples? Mannitol, SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin).
Osmotic Diuretic Mechanism of Action Uses MOA: Block sodium, water, or glucose reabsorption in glomerulus/proximal tubule. Uses: Mannitol → treat increased ICP; SGLT2 inhibitors → treat diabetes.
What time of day should diuretics be given? Morning.
IV furosemide should be administered over ___ minutes to prevent ___? 1–2 minutes; ototoxicity.
Clients taking thiazide or loop diuretics should eat a ___-potassium diet to prevent ___? High-potassium; hypokalemia.
Clients taking spironolactone should eat a ___-potassium diet and avoid ___ substitutes. Low-potassium; salt substitutes.
Created by: zarina.brewer
 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards