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Jenn Williams

A&P Midterm

QuestionAnswer
What is anatomy? The study of body structure and the relationships between body parts.
What is physiology? The study of how the body and its parts function.
What is homeostasis? The body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
What are the levels of structural organization in the body? Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.
What is the smallest unit of life? The cell.
What is a negative feedback mechanism? A process that reverses a change to keep conditions stable, such as body temperature control.
What element is essential for ATP production? Oxygen.
What are the four major biomolecules? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
What is the main function of enzymes? To speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.
What is the plasma membrane made of? A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
What is the function of mitochondria? They produce ATP energy through cellular respiration.
What is the function of ribosomes? They make proteins by linking amino acids together.
What is the nucleus often called? The control center of the cell.
What are the four main tissue types? Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
What type of tissue lines the body surfaces and cavities? Epithelial tissue.
Which connective tissue stores fat? Adipose tissue.
What is the main function of muscle tissue? To produce movement through contraction.
What is the function of the integumentary system? Protection, temperature regulation, and sensory reception.
What protein makes skin tough and waterproof? Keratin.
What pigment gives skin its color? Melanin.
What are the two main layers of the skin? Epidermis and dermis.
What is the function of the skeletal system? Support, protection, movement, blood cell formation, and mineral storage.
What is the functional unit of compact bone? The osteon or Haversian system.
What connects bones to muscles? Tendons.
What connects bones to other bones? Ligaments.
What is the main function of the muscular system? Movement, posture, and heat production.
What is the sliding filament theory? It explains how muscles contract when actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.
What are the three types of muscle tissue? Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
What are neurons? Nerve cells that send and receive electrical impulses.
What is the function of the nervous system? To control and coordinate body activities and respond to stimuli.
What part of the brain controls balance and coordination? The cerebellum.
What part of the brain controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate? The medulla oblongata.
What are the five senses? Sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
What gland is known as the master gland? The pituitary gland.
What is the function of the endocrine system? To release hormones that regulate body processes.
What is the main function of red blood cells? To carry oxygen using hemoglobin.
What is the main function of white blood cells? To fight infection and disease
Created by: user-1991219
 

 



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