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Anatomy Week 1-5

TermDefinition
Anatomical Regions Specific areas of the body like the antebrachial (forearm), crural (leg), or thoracic (chest) region.
Median Plane Another term for the midsagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane A vertical plane dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
Transverse (Horizontal) Plane A horizontal plane dividing the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) parts.
Proximal vs. Distal Proximal means closer to the trunk or point of origin; distal means farther from it.
Superficial vs. Deep Superficial refers to structures closer to the skin surface; deep refers to structures further inside.
Visceral vs. Parietal Layers Visceral layer covers organs; parietal layer lines the walls of body cavities.
Synovial Joint A freely movable joint characterized by a fluid-filled joint cavity (e.g., knee, elbow).
Osteocyte mature bone cell that maintains the bone matrix.
Compact Bone vs. Spongy Bone Compact bone is dense and solid; spongy bone is porous and found inside bones.
Red Bone Marrow Tissue found within certain bones responsible for producing blood cells.
Muscle Fiber A single muscle cell, multinucleated and composed of myofibrils.
Sarcomere The basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber, composed of actin and myosin filaments.
Tendon vs. Ligament Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.
Nervous Tissue Tissue responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body
Dendrites Branch-like extensions of neurons that receive signals.
Axon The long projection of a neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body.
Epiphyseal Plate The growth plate in long bones where new bone is formed during childhood and adolescence.
Periosteum A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping bones except at the surfaces of joints.
Created by: kristineemaee
 

 



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