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Muscle Action
Anatomy & Physiology 250
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Temporalis | this muscle elevates the mandible. elevation means it is bringing the mandible (the jaw) up to the maxilla. The temporalis muscle helps with the process of mastication (chewing). |
| Orbicularis oculi | allows you to open and close your eyes |
| Zygomaticus Major | elevate the corners of your mouth, this muscle is refered to as your smiler muscle. |
| Orbicularis oris | compresses the lips, meaning the top lip and bottom lip close. It also allows for the lips to purse (protrude outward). This muscle is referred to as the kissing muscle. |
| Buccinator | allows your cheeks to compress meaning they move inward to the teeth. |
| Masseter | elevates the mandible, elevation in this context means it helps the mandible meet the maxilla by pulling the mandible up. |
| Sternocleidomastoid | When both are active, they flex the neck. ‘Flexion’ refers to a decrease in the angle. When flexed the chin can move downward. When only one side contracts it turns your head to the opposite side. If the left side contracts your head turns right. |
| Trapezius | Elevation of the scapula: this appears as shrugging your shoulders. Extension of the neck: pulling your head backward to look upward. Rotation of the scapula: rotation means the scapula turns on its axis, which allows you to raise your arms overhead. |
| Pectroalis Major | Flexion of this muscle means the arms will be moving up/forawrd from anatomical position. Adduction means a limb is moving closer to the midline. hugging is an example of adduction. |
| Rectus abdominis | compression and flexion. flexion for this looks like crunches or touching your toes. compression is sucking in your stomach. |
| Coracobrachialis | flexion of the arm, meaning it brings your arms up in front of you |
| Deltoid | abduction of the arm, meaning it lifts the arm out to the side of the body. |
| Long head of biceps brachii | flexion of arm and forearm |
| Short head of bicepts brachii | helps to supinate the forearm, meaning it turns the palm upward (as if holding a bowl of soup). |
| long head of triceps brachii | Extends the arm, meaning it moves the arm backward after it has been lifted forward (flexed). It helps straighten the arm |
| all 3 heads of triceps brachii | extend the forearm (making it straight) |
| rhomboid (major&minor) | adduct the scapula |
| infraspinatus | laterally rotates the arm. It attaches from the scapula to the humerus. to get to anatomical position you would laterally rotate the arms |
| supraspinatus | abducts the arm. Being deep to the deltoid, it initiates the movement of lifting the arm away from the body before the deltoid takes over. |
| teres minor | laterally rotates the arm, the infraspinatus is his 'buddy'. |
| Diaphragm | expand the thoracic cavity. think of the big bad wolf "I'll huff and puff and blow your house down" |
| external oblique & internal oblique | compress the abdomin and flexes the spin |
| transverse abdominus | compress the abdomin |
| supinator | supinates forearm |
| pronator teres | pronate forearm |
| flexor Carpi radialis | flex wrist |
| flexor Carpi ulnaris | flex wrist |
| palmaris longus | flex wrist |
| flexor digitorum superficialis | flexes fingers |
| extensor Carpi radialis (longus&brevis) | extends wrist |
| extensor Carpi ulnaris | extends wrist |
| extensor digitorum | extends wrist |
| Gluteus maximus | extends and laterally rotates thigh |
| Gluteus medius | abducts thigh |
| tensor fascia latae | flex and medially rotate thigh |
| Ilipsoas | flex thight |
| rectus femoris | flex thigh and extends leg |
| Vastus (medialis,intermedius,lateralis) | extends legg |
| Sartorius | flex and laterally rotates thigh. flexes leg as well. |
| Biceps femoris | leg extension and leg flexion |
| semitendinosus | leg extension and leg flexion |
| Semimembranosus | leg extension and leg flexion |
| Tibialis anterior | dorsiflexion |
| Gastrocnemius | leg flexion and plantarflexion |
| Soleus | plantarflexion |
| brachioradialis | flex forearm |
| brachialis | flex forearm |
| latissimus dorsi | extends,adducts, and laterally medially rotates arm |
| gracilis | adducts thight |
Created by:
santosperez