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Vett 113 wk 7

Small animal disease wk 7 zoonoses/rabies

QuestionAnswer
1. Define zoonosis. Also called zoonotic disease, zoonosis refers to diseases that can be passed from animals, wild or domestic, to humans.
2. How can zoonotic diseases be transmitted? direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their fluids/tissues, drinking contaminated water, ingestion and/or eating infected flesh, inhalation, contact with broken skin, contact with mucous membranes like the eyes, and accidental inoculation vi
3. Define “emerging infectious diseases”. These are diseases whose incidence in humans have increased in the past 2 decades or will in the near future.
4. What are the reasons for the development of new infectious diseases? New infections from evolution of existing organisms; known infections spreading to new geographic areas; unrecognized infections appearing in areas undergoing ecologic transformation; old infections reemerging due to abx resistance or breakdowns in public
Plague Bacteria, flea is important vector
Lyme Disease Bacteria, tick vector required
Cat Scratch Fever Bacteria, flea is important for transmission
Leptospirosis Bacteria
Anthrax Bacteria
Brucellosis Bacteria
Tularemia Bacteria
Rabies Virus
Avian and Swine Influenza Virus
West Nile Virus Virus, mosquito vector required
Giardia Virus
Toxoplasmosis Virus
Ringworm Fungus
Coccidioidomycosis Fungus
Histoplasmosis Fungus
Roundworms, Tapeworms, Whipworms, Hookworms Intestinal parasites
Scabies External parasites
6. Who is at greater risk of getting zoonoses? Immunocompromised animals and humans may be more susceptible to becoming infected with these diseases and may develop more severe clinical signs, due to the inability of their weakened immune systems to fight establishment of the microbe.
7. What groups of people and animals can have a higher risk factor for acquiring zoonotic diseases? children <5yo; pregnant women; the elderly; people with HIV/AIDS; transplant recipients; radiation/chemo/corticosteroid therapies; people with medical devices implanted; diabetes, autoimmune dz, chronic renal failure, other chronic disease; alcoholism; ma
8. How can zoonotic diseases be prevented? Personal hygiene; hand washing after handling animals esp. before food; avoid contact with pets’ urine or feces; wear gloves when cleaning bird cages, litterboxes, fish tanks; do not let pets lick face, mouth, wounds; wash any bites or scratches and conta
9. List the different ways that diseases can be transmitted via contact. ingestion, cutaneous, percutaneous, or mucous membranes. Hand-to-mouth contact directly or indirectly. Directly through examination and handling of animals, indirect: cages, equip, surfaces, laundry
List the different ways that diseases can be transmitted via aerosol Droplet transmission: when larger droplets that are coughed, sneezed, or vocalized are deposited on the mucous membranes, ie lance abscess, dentals. Airborne transmission: when small droplets remain suspended longer and travel farther, ie bronchoscopy
List the different ways that diseases can be transmitted via vectors Vector-borne transmission occurs when vectors such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks transmit pathogens. Animals may bring flea and teck vectors into contact with vet personnel and working outdoors increases exposure to arthropods
10. What is the single most important measure that veterinary personnel can take to reduce the transmission of infectious diseases? List some of the techniques used.
11. What personal protective equipment (PPE) can be used to prevent transmission of infectious microbes?
Qs to sort red flags: neuro signs, D+, respiratory tract signs, fever, infected wounds, or chronic infection and taken directly back
What protective actions can be used during veterinary procedures: Animal Handling and Injury prevention? proper handling and restraint decreases poss. of bites, scratches, needles sticks and other injuries related to zoonotic infections. Staff not owners to hold. Use muzzles and bite resistant gloves. Train staff on body language. Proper livestock handling e
13. List the occupational health control methods that can be used to decrease the chance of transmission of zoonotic disease. 1. Employee Vaccination policies and Record keeping 2. 2. Management and documentation of exposure incidents 3. Staff training and education
Created by: shawamber
 

 



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