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Micro Chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pure Monopoly | Single seller: a sole producer No close substitutes Price maker; can control price Strong barriers to entry |
| Examples of monopoly | Standard oil natural gas electric professional sports teams |
| Barriers to entry | factors that prevent firms from entering the industry |
| Economies of scale: | natural monopoly |
| Barriers to entry examples: | network effects patents and licenses ownership/control of essential resources pricing |
| Monopoly demand overview MR is less than: | -The pure monopolist is the industry -Monopolist demand curve = Market demand curve (demand curve is downward sloping) -MR is less than the price |
| Monopoly Demand and Price | MR will be less than price The monopolist is the price maker |
| Misconceptions about monopoly pricing | -It's not the highest price -Involves Total, not unit, profit -there is a possibility of losses |
| Economic Effects of Monopoly and efficiency: | Income transfer Cost complications: - X-inefficiency; do not have both productive and allocative efficiency in a monopoly |
| Profit maximization rule for pure monopoly: | MR=MC (same as pure competition) |
| Assessment and Policy Options: how are monopolies controlled | Antitrust Laws: break up the firm Regulate it: Government determines price and quantity Ignore it: Let time and markets get rid of monopoly |
| Price Discrimination: | Charging different buyers different prices Different prices are not based on cost differences Ex: Cost of movie tickets on weekends compared to weekday mornings (Can make more on weekends, but need to convince buyers on weekdays) |
| Regulated Monopoly: Socially optimal price = Fair return price = | Natural monopolies Socially optimal price: set price equal to MC Fair return price: set price equal to TC |