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Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Accessory dwelling unit | A secondary dwelling unit established in conjunction with and clearly subordinate to a primary dwelling unit, whether a part of the same structure as the primary dwelling unit or a detached dwelling unit on the same lot. |
| DDF for an accessory dwelling unit | Based on 120 gpd per bedroom, or 60 gpd per person when occupancy exceeds two persons per bedroom. |
| Aggregate | Naturally occurring inorganic material of a specific size or grade, such as clean, washed gravel, or crushed stone that is graded or sized in accordance with size numbers 4, 5, or 6 of ASTM D448. |
| Apparent Cation Exchange Capacity | The sum of exchangeable bases plus total soil acidity at a pH of 7.0, expressed in milliequivalents per 100 grams (meq/100g) of soil or centimoles per kilogram (cmol/kg) of soil. |
| Soil ACEC calculation | Determined by using the neutral normal ammonium acetate method, pH of 7.0 neutral normal, dividing by the percent clay as determined by particle size distribution using the pipette method, and then multiplying by 100. |
| Approved | That which the Department or LHD has determined is in accordance with this Subchapter and G.S. 130A, Article 11. |
| Artificial drainage | Any man-made structure or device designed to overcome a SWC or intercept lateral flowing ground or surface water. |
| Artificial drainage systems | Include groundwater lowering systems, interceptor drains, foundation drains with cuts greater than two feet, and surface water diversions. |
| Authorized agent | A person who has been authorized by the Department in accordance with G.S. 130A, Article 4 and 15A NCAC 01O .0100 to permit wastewater systems. |
| Authorized designer | A service provider authorized by the manufacturer who creates plans for the installation, expansion, or repair of a proprietary wastewater system. |
| Authorized On-Site Wastewater Evaluator | A person licensed in accordance with G.S. 90A, Article 5 and meeting the certification requirements in G.S. 130A-336.2(a) and 21 NCAC 39. |
| Backfill | The soil that is placed in a trench or bed that surrounds or is on top of the dispersal media within the excavation up to the naturally occurring soil surface. |
| Bed | An excavation with a width greater than three feet containing dispersal media and one or more laterals. |
| Bedroom | Any room defined as a sleeping room in the North Carolina Building Code. |
| Building drain | The lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge from waste pipes inside the design unit and extends to 10 ft beyond the walls of the building or five feet for a building with a foundation and conveys the sewage to a building sewer. |
| Building sewer | The part of a drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain and conveys the discharge to a wastewater system. |
| Certified Inspector | A person authorized to inspect a wastewater system in accordance with G.S. 90A, Article 5, and applicable rules of the North Carolina On |
| Clod | A compact, coherent, mass of soil produced by digging, plowing, or other human land manipulation. |
| Coastal region | Beaufort, Bertie, Bladen, Brunswick, Camden, Carteret, Chowan, Columbus, Craven, Cumberland, Currituck, Dare, Duplin, Edgecombe, Gates, Greene, Halifax, Harnett, Hertford, Hoke, Hyde, Johnston, Jones, Lenoir, Martin, New Hanover, Northampton, Onslow, Paml |
| Collection sewer | Gravity flow pipelines, force mains, effluent supply lines, manholes, lift stations, and all appurtenances used for conveying wastes from the building drain or sewer to and within a wastewater system. |
| Complete data set | Analytical results for all required influent and effluent constituents as specified in the effluent standard for a specific site on a specific date. |
| Component | A part of a wastewater system, such as a collection sewer, pretreatment, dispersal field, etc. |
| Composite sample | Commingled individual samples collected from the same point at different times, which may be of equal volume or proportional to the flow at time of sampling. |
| Control system | Either conventional or accepted systems that are surveyed as part of a survey protocol identified in Rule .1706 of this Subchapter. |
| Cover | The soil that is placed at or above the naturally occurring soil surface to cover the wastewater system. |
| Demand dosing | A configuration in which a specific volume of effluent is delivered to a component based upon patterns of wastewater generation from the source and liquid level detection device settings. |
| Department | The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, as defined in G.S. 130A334(1f). |
| Design daily flow | The unadjusted quantity of wastewater a facility is projected to produce in a 24 |
| Design unit | A discrete connection such as an individual dwelling unit, place of business, or place of public assembly on which wastewater DDF is based. |
| Dispersal field | The physical location where final treatment and dispersal of effluent occurs in the soil. |
| Dispersal media | The media used to provide void space through which effluent flows and may be stored prior to infiltration, such as washed gravel or crushed stone. |
| Dispersal system | The dispersal field and associated components that distribute effluent to and within the dispersal field. |
| Dose volume | An amount of effluent delivered during a dosing event as determined by the liquid level detection device settings in a demand dosing system or by a timer in a timed dosing system. |
| Dwelling unit | Any room or group of rooms located within a structure and forming a single, habitable unit with facilities which are used or intended to be used for living, sleeping, bathing, toilet usage, cooking, and eating. |
| Effluent | The liquid discharge from a pretreatment process, component, or system. |
| Facility | One or more design units located on a single or multiple lot(s) or tract(s) of land and served by a wastewater system comprised of one or more wastewater systems. |
| Finished grade | The final elevation of the land over the wastewater system after installation. |
| Flow equalization | A system configuration that includes sufficient storage capacity to allow for uniform flow to a subsequent component despite variable flow from the source. |
| Full kitchen | A kitchen that contains either domestic or commercial equipment and is used for cooking or preparing foods onsite, meeting the requirements of North Carolina Food Code, Chapters 4 |
| Grab sample | A discrete sample collected at a specific time and location. |
| Grease tank | The tank located outside the facility that is used to reduce the amount of grease discharged to a wastewater system. |
| Grease trap | A device used inside the facility to reduce the amount of grease discharged to a wastewater system. |
| Gravity distribution | Gravity flow of effluent to and within each lateral. |
| Groundwater lowering system | A type of artificial drainage system designed to lower the water table by gravity or, in conjunction with a pump, to maintain the vertical separation beneath a dispersal field. |
| Horizon | A layer of soil, parallel to the surface that has distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties or characteristics such as color, structure, texture, consistence, kinds and number of organisms present, degree of acidity or alkalinity, etc., resul |
| Infiltrative surface | The designated interface where effluent moves from dispersal media or a distribution device into treatment media, naturally occurring soil, or fill. |
| Influent | The sewage discharged to a pretreatment component. |
| Installer | A person authorized to construct, install, or repair a wastewater system in accordance with G.S. 90A, Article 5 and applicable rules of the North Carolina On |
| Interceptor drain | A type of artificial drainage designed to intercept and divert lateral moving groundwater or perched water away from the dispersal field or other system component to an effective outlet. |
| Intermittent stream | A well-defined channel that contains water for only part of the year, typically during winter and spring when the aquatic bed is below the perched or seasonal high-water table. The flow of an intermittent stream may be supplemented by stormwater runoff. |
| Invert | The lowest elevation of the internal cross |
| Jurisdictional wetland | An area subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or DEQ. |
| Ksat | Saturated hydraulic conductivity, means the rate of water flow through a unit cross sectional area of soil under saturated conditions. In |
| Lateral water movement | The movement of subsurface water downslope often associated with a less permeable horizon. Lateral water movement can be observed in a bore hole, excavation, or monitoring well on sloping sites. |
| Lateral | Any pipe, tubing, or other device used to convey and distribute effluent in a dispersal field. |
| Limiting condition | Soil conditions or site features that determine wastewater system design options. Soil conditions are morphology, depth, restrictive horizons, soil wetness, or organic matter content. Site features are topography, slope, landscape position, or available s |
| Lithochromic feature | Soil mottle or matrix associated with variations of color due to weathering of parent materials. |
| Long Term Acceptance Rate | The rate of effluent absorption by the soil, existing fill, or saprolite in a wastewater system after long |
| LTAR | Assigned in units of gpd/ft2 based on soil textural class, structure, consistence, depth, percent coarse rock, landscape position, topography, and system type, used to determine dispersal field sizing requirements. |
| Local health department | Any county, district, or other health department authorized to be organized under the General Statutes of North Carolina. |
| Management Entity | The person, entity, company, or firm designated by the owner of the wastewater system who has primary responsibility for the operation of a wastewater system. |
| Mass loading | The total mass of one or more organic or inorganic effluent constituents delivered to the wastewater system over a specified period, computed by multiplying the total volume of flow during the specified period by the flow |
| Matrix | A volume of soil equivalent to 50 percent or greater of the total volume of a horizon. |
| Mean high-water mark | For coastal waters with six inches or more lunar tidal influence, the average height of the high-water over a 19-year period as determined from tide stations data. |
| Media | A solid material that can be described by shape, dimensions, surface area, void space, and application. |
| Media filter | A device that uses materials designed to treat effluent by reducing BOD5 and removing TSS in an unsaturated environment. |
| Mottle | Subordinate color of a differing Munsell color system notation in a soil horizon. |
| Mountain region | Includes Alleghany, Ashe, Avery, Buncombe, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Henderson, Jackson, Macon, Madison, McDowell, Mitchell, Swain, Transylvania, Watauga, and Yancey counties. |
| Naturally occurring soil | Soil formed in place due to natural formation processes that is unaltered by filling, removal, or other artificial modification other than tillage. |
| NEMA 4X | An enclosure for an electrical control panel or junction box that meets standards for protection against water ingress and corrosion. |
| NSF/ANSI 40 systems | Individual RWTS approved and listed in accordance with standards adopted by NSF International for Class I residential wastewater treatment systems. |
| Non-ground absorption system | A system for waste treatment designed not to discharge to the soil, land surface, or surface waters. |
| Normal water level | The water level within a pond, lake, or other type of impoundment at the elevation of the outlet structure or spillway. |
| Off-site system | A wastewater system where any system component is located on property other than the lot where the facility is located. |
| Ordinary high-water mark | The line on the shore established by the fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics such as: a natural line impressed on the bank; shelving; changes in the character of soil; destruction of terrestrial vegetation; or the presence of l |
| Organic soils | Those organic mucks and peats consisting of more than 20 percent organic matter, by dry weight, and greater than or equal to 18 inches in thickness. |
| Owner | A person holding legal title to the facility, wastewater system, or property or his or her representative. The owner's representative is a person who holds power of attorney to act on an owner's behalf or an agent designated by letter or contract to act o |
| Parallel distribution | The distribution of effluent that proportionally loads multiple sections of a dispersal field at one time. |
| Parent material | The mineral and organic matter that is in its present position through rock decomposition or deposition by water, wind, or gravity. |
| Ped | A unit of soil structure, such as blocky, granular, prismatic, or platy formed by natural processes. |
| Perched water table | A zone of saturation held above the main groundwater body by a less permeable layer, impermeable rock, or sediment, which may or may not exhibit redoximorphic features. |
| Perennial stream | A well-defined channel that contains water year-round during a year of normal rainfall with the aquatic bed located below the perched or seasonal high water table for most of the year. Groundwater is the primary source of water for a perennial stream, but |
| Person | Any individual, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, company, or unit of local government. |
| Piedmont region | Alamance, Alexander, Anson, Burke, Cabarrus, Caldwell, Caswell, Catawba, Chatham, Cleveland, Davidson, Davie, Durham, Forsyth, Franklin, Gaston, Granville, Guilford, Iredell, Lee, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Montgomery, Moore, Nash, Orange, Person, Polk, Randol |
| Pressure dispersal | A system utilizing an effluent pump or siphon to distribute effluent uniformly to the infiltrative surface in the dispersal field through a pressurized pipe network. |
| Pressure dosed gravity distribution | Pressure delivery of effluent to a manifold, distribution box, or other splitter with subsequent gravity distribution within one or more laterals to the infiltrative surface. |
| Public management entity | A public entity legally authorized to operate and maintain wastewater systems |
| Raw sewage lift stations | A dosing system that is designed to move untreated sewage from a lower elevation to a higher elevation. Raw sewage lift stations are installed prior to any wastewater treatment. |
| RCW systems | Advanced pretreatment systems approved by the Department in accordance with Section .1700 of this Subchapter that meet RCW effluent standards in Rule .1002 of this Subchapter. |
| Redoximorphic features | A color pattern of a horizon due to a depletion or concentration of pigment compared to the matrix color, formed by oxidation and reduction of Fe coupled with its removal, |
| Repair area | An area that has been classified suitable consistent with the Rules in this Subchapter that is reserved for the extension, alteration, wastewater system relocation, or replacement of part or all of the initial wastewater system. |
| Residential Wastewater Treatment Systems | Approved individual advanced pretreatment systems that are covered under standards of NSF International, in accordance with G.S. 130A |
| Restrictive horizon | A soil horizon that is capable of perching groundwater or effluent and that is brittle and strongly compacted or strongly cemented with iron, aluminum, silica, organic matter, or other compounds. |
| Rock | The body of consolidated or partially consolidated material composed of minerals at or below the land surface, including bedrock and partially weathered rock that is hard and cannot be dug with hand tools. |
| Saprolite | The body of porous material formed in place by weathering of rock that has a massive, rock |
| Septic tank | A structurally sound, water-tight, covered receptacle, approved in accordance with Section .1400 of this Subchapter, designed for primary treatment of wastewater. |
| Septic tank effluent pump | A collection system that uses a septic tank to separate solids and incorporates a pump vault, pump, and associated devices to convey effluent under pressure to a subsequent component. |
| Sequential distribution | The distribution method in which effluent is loaded into one trench and fills it to a predetermined level before passing through a drop box or relief device to the succeeding trench at a lower elevation. |
| Setback | The minimum horizontal separation distance between the wastewater system and features listed in Section .0600 of this Subchapter. |
| Settling tank | A septic tank designed for use in conjunction with a RWTS, which is not required to meet the design requirements of a septic tank. |
| Serial distribution | The distribution method in which effluent is loaded into one trench and fills it to a predetermined level before passing through a pipe to the succeeding trench at the same or a lower elevation. |
| Site | The area in which the wastewater system is located, including the repair area. |
| Soil | The naturally occurring body of unconsolidated mineral and organic materials on the land surface, composed of sand |
| Soil upper limit | The land surface. |
| Soil lower limit | Rock, saprolite, or other parent materials. |
| Soil consistence | The degree and kind of cohesion and adhesion that a soil exhibits. |
| Soil series | An official series name established by USDA |
| Soil structure | The arrangement of primary soil particles into compound particles, peds, or clusters that are separated by natural planes of weakness from adjoining units. |
| Soil textural classes | Soil classification based upon size distribution of mineral particles in the fine |
| Sand particles | Particles that are 0.05 |
| Silt particles | Particles that are 0.002 |
| Clay particles | Particles that are less than 0.002 mm in size. |
| Stream | A body of concentrated flowing water in a natural low area or natural or manmade channel on the land surface. |
| Structurally sound | A tank that has been installed in accordance with the tank manufacturer's requirements and is able to withstand a minimum uniform live loading of 150 pounds per square foot. |
| Surface water diversion | A natural or constructed drainage feature used to divert surface water, collect runoff, and direct it to an effective outlet. |
| TS-I systems | Advanced pretreatment systems approved by the Department that meet TS-I effluent standards in Table XXV of Rule .1201(a). |
| TS-II systems | Advanced pretreatment systems approved by the Department that meet TS-II effluent standards in Table XXV of Rule .1201(a). |
| Telemetry | The ability to contact by phone, email, or another electronic medium. |
| Test system | The dispersal system proposed for accepted status as part of a survey protocol identified in Rule .1706. |
| Third-party | A person or entity engaged in testing or evaluation that may be compensated for their work product and is independent of the parties for whom testing or evaluation is performed. |
| Timed dosing | A configuration in which a specific volume of effluent is delivered to a component based upon a prescribed interval. |
| Treatment media | The media used for physical, chemical, and biological treatment in a wastewater treatment component. |
| Trench | An excavation with a width less than or equal to three feet containing dispersal media and one or more laterals. |
| Underground utility | Any underground line, system, or infrastructure used for producing, storing, conveying, transmitting, identifying, locating, or distributing communication, electricity, gas, petroleum or petroleum products, hazardous liquids, water, steam, or sewage. |
| Unstable slopes | Areas showing indications of mass downslope movement such as debris flows, landslides, and rock falls. |
| Vertical separation | The depth beneath the dispersal field infiltrative surface to a LC. |
| Warming kitchen | A kitchen that does not meet the requirements of North Carolina Food Code, Chapters 4 |
| Water main standards | Design criteria for pipe and pipe joints and associated installation procedures used in potable water systems approved by North Carolina DEQ Public Water Supply Section. |
| Watertight | That no water moves into or out of the structure or device, except through designated inlets and outlets. |
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