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Erica Olivo-Reynoso
Anatomy-Week 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major divisions. They are | axial and appendicular. |
| Physiology is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism. | function |
| _____ refers to an inner region of an organ, whereas _____ refers to an outer region or layer of an organ. | Medullary; cortical |
| Anatomy is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism. | structure |
| The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body? | 96% |
| Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons are called: | covalent |
| An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. | eight |
| Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: | transfer of electrons from one atom to another. |
| The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of: | protons in its nucleus. |
| A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n) | element |
| What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells? | metabolism |
| Ribosomes are organelles that | float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| The outer boundary of a human cell is called the | plasma membrane |
| The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called | cytoplasma |
| Often referred to as the “power plant” of the cell, which organelle is the site of ATP production? | mitochondrion |
| A major function of the cell membrane is to | control what enters and leaves the cell. |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| The epidermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. One type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called | keratin |
| Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? | stratum corneum |
| Cells in a tissue are surrounded by or embedded in a complex extracellular material called a | matrix |
| A lubricating substance produced by goblet cells is called | mucus |
| The two main layers that compose the skin are the dermis and | epidermis |
| The connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints are called _____ membranes. | synovial |
| The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective tissue |
| The human skeleton system consists of two divisions. They are | axial and appendicular. |
| The extracellular components of bone matrix are | hard and calcified. |
| Spongy bone is characterized by | open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures. |
| _____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage. | Collagenous |
| The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the | periosteum |
| The most common type of cartilage is | hyaline |
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