What is anatomy and how does it differ from physiology?

Anatomy is the study of body structure, while physiology focuses on how those structures function.

List the six levels of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex.

Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.

Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

What are the three basic components of a feedback control loop?

Sensor mechanism, control center, and effector mechanism.

What is the anatomical position and why is it important?

The anatomical position is standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, and palms forward; it serves as a standard reference for describing body parts and positions.

What are the four most abundant elements in the human body?

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

Define pH and explain what a low pH indicates.

pH measures hydrogen ion concentration; a low pH indicates a more acidic solution.

What is the primary function of enzymes in the body?

Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

What are the main types of organic compounds in the body?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

What is the plasma membrane and its primary function?

The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that separates the cell’s internal environment from its external environment.

What organelle is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell and why?

The mitochondrion, because it produces ATP through cellular respiration.

What are the four main types of tissues in the human body?

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue

It forms protective coverings and linings, and it has tightly packed cells with little extracellular material

What are the primary functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, excretion, and vitamin D synthesis

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anatomy questions

Question	Answer
What is anatomy and how does it differ from physiology?	Anatomy is the study of body structure, while physiology focuses on how those structures function.
List the six levels of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex.	Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.
What is homeostasis?	Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
What are the three basic components of a feedback control loop?	Sensor mechanism, control center, and effector mechanism.
What is the anatomical position and why is it important?	The anatomical position is standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, and palms forward; it serves as a standard reference for describing body parts and positions.
What are the four most abundant elements in the human body?	Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
Define pH and explain what a low pH indicates.	pH measures hydrogen ion concentration; a low pH indicates a more acidic solution.
What is the primary function of enzymes in the body?	Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.
What are the main types of organic compounds in the body?	Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
What is the plasma membrane and its primary function?	The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that separates the cell’s internal environment from its external environment.
What organelle is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell and why?	The mitochondrion, because it produces ATP through cellular respiration.
What process allows water to move across a membrane from high to low concentration?	Osmosis
What are the four main types of tissues in the human body?	Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue	It forms protective coverings and linings, and it has tightly packed cells with little extracellular material
What are the primary functions of the integumentary system?	Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, excretion, and vitamin D synthesis

Created by: Alexandriap89

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