Arrange the following from simplest to most complex: organ, molecule, tissue, system, cell.

Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ → System

What does the body strive to maintain with homeostasis, and what systems help achieve it?

The body maintains a stable internal state (like temperature, pH, and fluid balance) using systems like the nervous and endocrine systems that detect changes and respond accordingly.

Which muscle types are voluntary and involuntary? Provide one location for each.

Skeletal muscle is voluntary (attached to bones), cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary (heart and digestive tract, respectively

What are the basic steps in nerve signal transmission?

A stimulus triggers an electrical impulse → the impulse travels down the axon → neurotransmitters are released into the synapse → the signal passes to the next cell

How do hormones act differently from nerve signals in body regulation?

Hormones are chemical messages that travel through the bloodstream, working slower but affecting broader and longer-lasting changes than nerve impulses.

What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Anatomy = study of body structure; Physiology = study of body function (how those structures work)

What are three unique characteristics of epithelial tissue?

It covers surfaces and lines cavities, lacks direct blood supply (avascular), and rapidly regenerates due to constant wear and tear.

Identify the four main groups of organic compounds essential to human biology.

Carbohydrates (energy), lipids (storage & insulation), proteins (structure & enzymes), and nucleic acids (genetic information like DNA/RNA).

What is the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell. It stores and supplies the energy needed for most cellular processes, including muscle contraction, active transport, and biosynthesis.

What is the difference between negative and positive feedback mechanisms? Give one example of each.

Negative feedback reverses a change to maintain balance (e.g., body temperature regulation). Positive feedback enhances the original stimulus (e.g., contractions during childbirth).

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Carla Hernandez

Anatomy Week 1-6

Term	Definition
Arrange the following from simplest to most complex: organ, molecule, tissue, system, cell.	Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ → System
What does the body strive to maintain with homeostasis, and what systems help achieve it?	The body maintains a stable internal state (like temperature, pH, and fluid balance) using systems like the nervous and endocrine systems that detect changes and respond accordingly.
Which muscle types are voluntary and involuntary? Provide one location for each.	Skeletal muscle is voluntary (attached to bones), cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary (heart and digestive tract, respectively
What are the basic steps in nerve signal transmission?	A stimulus triggers an electrical impulse → the impulse travels down the axon → neurotransmitters are released into the synapse → the signal passes to the next cell
How do hormones act differently from nerve signals in body regulation?	Hormones are chemical messages that travel through the bloodstream, working slower but affecting broader and longer-lasting changes than nerve impulses.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?	Anatomy = study of body structure; Physiology = study of body function (how those structures work)
What are three unique characteristics of epithelial tissue?	It covers surfaces and lines cavities, lacks direct blood supply (avascular), and rapidly regenerates due to constant wear and tear.
Identify the four main groups of organic compounds essential to human biology.	Carbohydrates (energy), lipids (storage & insulation), proteins (structure & enzymes), and nucleic acids (genetic information like DNA/RNA).
What is the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?	ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell. It stores and supplies the energy needed for most cellular processes, including muscle contraction, active transport, and biosynthesis.
What is the difference between negative and positive feedback mechanisms? Give one example of each.	Negative feedback reverses a change to maintain balance (e.g., body temperature regulation). Positive feedback enhances the original stimulus (e.g., contractions during childbirth).

Created by: Hernandez_95

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