Axial portion of the body consists of the head, neck, and torso or trunk. *Note that the torso is composed of thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic.

The upper and lower extremities *upper- shoulder, arms, foorearm, wrist. *lower- hip, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.

Anatomical Direction set 1

Superior—toward the head, upper, above Inferior—toward the feet, lower, Anterior—front, in front of Posterior—back, in back of Medial—toward the midline of a structure Lateral—away from the midline or toward the side of a structure

Anatomical directions set 2

Proximal—toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest the point of origin of a structure Distal—away from or farthest from the trunk, or farthest from a structure’s point of origin Superficial—nearer the body surface Deep—farther away from the body surfa

Three basic type of Chemical Reaction

1. Synthesis - builds up. forms new chemical bonds. (Ex: wound repair) 2. Decomposition - Breaks down, breaks chemical bonds., energy is releases. (Ex: heat) 3. Exchange - two different components, to form two new products. ( Ex: AB+ CD --> AD + CB)

pH - The power of hydrogen. the H+ ions of a solution. From a scale of 1 to 14. -pH of 7 - neutrality (equal amounts of H and OH) Less than 7 - acidity (more H than OH) Greater than 7 - alkalinity (more OH than H)

Major elements of the body

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. (almost always share electrons to form covalent bonds)

Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. *expect for atoms that are limited to a single energy level)

made up of six positively charged protons (p) and six uncharged neutrons.

atoms are divisible into even smaller or subatomic particles, some of which exist in a “cloud” surrounding a dense central core .

What are the main Cell Structures?

1. the plasma membrane - the outer boundry of the cell. Composed of phospholipids, cholestrol, glycoproteins. 2. cytoplasm, (and the organelles) ; gel - like substance. 3. the nucleus - largest; " the command center", contains genetic material.

Strcuter of a cell membrane, double layer. -Heads are hydrophilic (“water loving”) -Tails are hydrophobic (“water fearing”) -They arrange themselves in bilayers in w

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscle tissue, Nervous tissue

Two primary layers of the skin

Epidermis- the superfical, thinner layer. Dermis - the deep, thicker layer. Ben

Sebaceous glands and Ceruminous glands Sweat Glands: Eccrine glands and Apocrine glands

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Vanessa Mendoza

Anatomy Midterm

Term	Definition
Axial	Axial portion of the body consists of the head, neck, and torso or trunk. *Note that the torso is composed of thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic.
Appendicular	The upper and lower extremities upper- shoulder, arms, foorearm, wrist. lower- hip, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.
Anatomical Direction set 1	Superior—toward the head, upper, above Inferior—toward the feet, lower, Anterior—front, in front of Posterior—back, in back of Medial—toward the midline of a structure Lateral—away from the midline or toward the side of a structure
Anatomical directions set 2	Proximal—toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest the point of origin of a structure Distal—away from or farthest from the trunk, or farthest from a structure’s point of origin Superficial—nearer the body surface Deep—farther away from the body surfa
Three basic type of Chemical Reaction	1. Synthesis - builds up. forms new chemical bonds. (Ex: wound repair) 2. Decomposition - Breaks down, breaks chemical bonds., energy is releases. (Ex: heat) 3. Exchange - two different components, to form two new products. ( Ex: AB+ CD --> AD + CB)
pH scale	pH - The power of hydrogen. the H+ ions of a solution. From a scale of 1 to 14. -pH of 7 - neutrality (equal amounts of H and OH) Less than 7 - acidity (more H than OH) Greater than 7 - alkalinity (more OH than H)
Major elements of the body	carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. (almost always share electrons to form covalent bonds)
Octet Rule	Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. *expect for atoms that are limited to a single energy level)
Carbon Atoms	made up of six positively charged protons (p) and six uncharged neutrons.
Nucleus	atoms are divisible into even smaller or subatomic particles, some of which exist in a “cloud” surrounding a dense central core .
What are the main Cell Structures?	1. the plasma membrane - the outer boundry of the cell. Composed of phospholipids, cholestrol, glycoproteins. 2. cytoplasm, (and the organelles) ; gel - like substance. 3. the nucleus - largest; " the command center", contains genetic material.
Phospholipid Bilayer	Strcuter of a cell membrane, double layer. -Heads are hydrophilic (“water loving”) -Tails are hydrophobic (“water fearing”) -They arrange themselves in bilayers in w
Types of tissue:	Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscle tissue, Nervous tissue
Two primary layers of the skin	Epidermis- the superfical, thinner layer. Dermis - the deep, thicker layer. Ben
Skin glands	Sebaceous glands and Ceruminous glands Sweat Glands: Eccrine glands and Apocrine glands

Created by: Vanessa_7

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