the maintenance of constant, internal conditions

What do enzymes require

a specific set of internal conditions to function properly

The worker molecules of an organism

What do enzymes come from

Class of proteins, made from amino acids

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions

lowering the activation energy needed to make those reactions happen

How do enzymes lower activation energy

They do this by binding to reactant molecules and holding them in such a way that bond breaking/making processes happen more easily

Specific location on enzyme where reaction occurs

Reactant molecule that binds with enzyme and is made into product

The substances made after the reaction

Changes to a cell’s homeostasis can affect the temperature and pH of a cell’s interior. These changes alter the shape of the enzyme’s active site

What happens to the physical enzyme when it is denatured

The active site of the enzyme changes shape and can no longer bind to the substrate

Factors that affect enzyme function

Temperature and pH, Substrate concentration, and Inhibitors

Changes to a cell’s homeostasis can affect the temperature and pH of a cell’s interior These changes alter the shape of the enzyme’s active site The OPTIMUM CONDITIONS for an enzyme are specific for where in the organism the enzyme works

Substrate concentration

There needs to be enough substrate in the environment for the enzyme to “bump” into it, but not so much that the reaction is waiting around for open active sites When the substrate is at its highest the reaction begins to “level off” as more substrate is added. All active sites are busy and substrates need to “wait” for them to open before the reaction can continue

Slow down or stop enzyme reactions

Competitive Inhibitor

Compete for the active site at the same time as the true substrate No product is formed from the inhibitor binding to the enzyme Ex. Penicillin inhibits an enzyme that bacteria use to build their cell wall

Molecule binds to an ALLOSTERIC SITE (a second location on the enzyme separate from the active site) This changes the shape of the active site, making it unable to catalyze the reaction Allosteric inhibitors are often used in feedback loops to control product production

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Stack #4538195

Question	Answer
Homeostasis	the maintenance of constant, internal conditions
What do enzymes require	a specific set of internal conditions to function properly
What are enzymes	The worker molecules of an organism
What do enzymes come from	Class of proteins, made from amino acids
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions	lowering the activation energy needed to make those reactions happen
How do enzymes lower activation energy	They do this by binding to reactant molecules and holding them in such a way that bond breaking/making processes happen more easily
Enzyme Active Site	Specific location on enzyme where reaction occurs
Substrate	Reactant molecule that binds with enzyme and is made into product
Products	The substances made after the reaction
For every reaction how many enzymes are there to catalyze it	One enzyme
DENATURING	Changes to a cell’s homeostasis can affect the temperature and pH of a cell’s interior. These changes alter the shape of the enzyme’s active site
What do reactions do when denatured enzymes are involved	The reactions will stop
What happens to the physical enzyme when it is denatured	The active site of the enzyme changes shape and can no longer bind to the substrate
Factors that affect enzyme function	Temperature and pH, Substrate concentration, and Inhibitors
Temperature and pH	Changes to a cell’s homeostasis can affect the temperature and pH of a cell’s interior These changes alter the shape of the enzyme’s active site The OPTIMUM CONDITIONS for an enzyme are specific for where in the organism the enzyme works
Substrate concentration	There needs to be enough substrate in the environment for the enzyme to “bump” into it, but not so much that the reaction is waiting around for open active sites When the substrate is at its highest the reaction begins to “level off” as more substrate is added. All active sites are busy and substrates need to “wait” for them to open before the reaction can continue
Inhibitors	Slow down or stop enzyme reactions
Competitive Inhibitor	Compete for the active site at the same time as the true substrate No product is formed from the inhibitor binding to the enzyme Ex. Penicillin inhibits an enzyme that bacteria use to build their cell wall
Non-competitive	Molecule binds to an ALLOSTERIC SITE (a second location on the enzyme separate from the active site) This changes the shape of the active site, making it unable to catalyze the reaction Allosteric inhibitors are often used in feedback loops to control product production

Created by: user-1879135

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