The plasma membrane is made of bilayer of phospholipid molecules arranged with their "tails" pointed towards each other. Cholesterol molecules help stabilize the flexibile bilayer structure to prevent breakage.

Cell membrane and Integral membrane protein (IMPs)

A cell controls waht moves through the membrane by means of IMPs embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Some IMPs have carbohydrates attached to them and as a result form glycoprotein that acts as identification marker.

Cytoplasm and Organelles - Two major groups of organelles

Membranous organelles are sacs or canals made of cell membranes, example: ER, Plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus. Nonmebranous are made of microscopic filaments, example: Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, Microvilli.

gel like internal substance of cells that includes many organelles suspended in watery intracellular fluid called cytosol.

Endoplasm Reticulum (ER) Smooth

Extends from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, no ribosomes on wall, makes enzymes that detoxify the cell, removes and stores Ca++ from the cells interior, synthesizes lipid and carbs and creates membranesto use throughout the cell.

Endoplasm Reticulum (ER) Rough

Has ribosomes in outer wall, Ribosomes synthesize protein which fold within the RER and moves towards Golgi apparatus, then leaves the cell, functions in protein synthesis, membrane sythesis and intracellular transport.

Made of microscopic membranous sacs that have "pinched inward" from the plasma membrane and become filled with digestive enzymes from the ER and Golgi apparatus. Digest unneeded or defective cell parts (autophagy)

Hollow, protein cylinder found throughout the cytoplasm, breaks down abnormal or misfolded proteins and normal proteins no longer needed by the cell (which may cause diseases).

Small membranoud sacs containing enzymes that detoxify harmful substances that enter the cells, often seen in kidney and liver cells.

Mitochondria /Power plan

Each mitochondrion has a DNA melecule, which allows it to produc its own enzymes and replicate copies of itself. Mitochondial enzymes catalyze series of oxidation reactions that provide most of a cells energy supply.

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NancyG.

Anatomy 1-5

Question	Answer
Plasma Membrane	The plasma membrane is made of bilayer of phospholipid molecules arranged with their "tails" pointed towards each other. Cholesterol molecules help stabilize the flexibile bilayer structure to prevent breakage.
Cell membrane and Integral membrane protein (IMPs)	A cell controls waht moves through the membrane by means of IMPs embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Some IMPs have carbohydrates attached to them and as a result form glycoprotein that acts as identification marker.
Cytoplasm and Organelles - Two major groups of organelles	Membranous organelles are sacs or canals made of cell membranes, example: ER, Plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus. Nonmebranous are made of microscopic filaments, example: Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, Microvilli.
Cytoplasm	gel like internal substance of cells that includes many organelles suspended in watery intracellular fluid called cytosol.
Endoplasm Reticulum (ER) Smooth	Extends from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, no ribosomes on wall, makes enzymes that detoxify the cell, removes and stores Ca++ from the cells interior, synthesizes lipid and carbs and creates membranesto use throughout the cell.
Endoplasm Reticulum (ER) Rough	Has ribosomes in outer wall, Ribosomes synthesize protein which fold within the RER and moves towards Golgi apparatus, then leaves the cell, functions in protein synthesis, membrane sythesis and intracellular transport.
Lysosomes	Made of microscopic membranous sacs that have "pinched inward" from the plasma membrane and become filled with digestive enzymes from the ER and Golgi apparatus. Digest unneeded or defective cell parts (autophagy)
Proteasomes	Hollow, protein cylinder found throughout the cytoplasm, breaks down abnormal or misfolded proteins and normal proteins no longer needed by the cell (which may cause diseases).
Peroxisomes	Small membranoud sacs containing enzymes that detoxify harmful substances that enter the cells, often seen in kidney and liver cells.
Mitochondria /Power plan	Each mitochondrion has a DNA melecule, which allows it to produc its own enzymes and replicate copies of itself. Mitochondial enzymes catalyze series of oxidation reactions that provide most of a cells energy supply.

Created by: user-1971309

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