The study of the structure and relationships of body parts.

The study of how body parts function and work together.

The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

A mechanism that reverses a change to maintain balance (example: temperature regulation).

A mechanism that enhances a change (example: childbirth contractions).

The smallest structural and functional unit of life.

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.

A structure made up of two or more types of tissues that work together.

A group of organs that perform related functions and work together.

Includes the skin, hair, and nails; protects the body and helps regulate temperature.

Provides support and protection; stores minerals and produces blood cells.

Produces movement, maintains posture, and generates heat.

Controls and coordinates body activities using electrical impulses.

Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and other functions.

Cardiovascular System

Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste through the blood.

Delivers oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste.

Removes waste from the blood and maintains water and salt balance.

Produces gametes and hormones for reproduction.

Voluntary, striated muscle that moves bones and supports posture.

Involuntary, striated muscle found only in the heart.

Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in the walls of internal organs.

The two main protein filaments that slide to cause muscle contraction.

The functional contractile unit of a muscle fiber.

A tough connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone and stabilizes joints.

The fixed attachment point of a muscle.

The movable attachment point of a muscle.

Shoulder muscle responsible for abducting the arm.

Chest muscle that flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm.

Large back muscle that extends and adducts the arm.

“Boxer’s muscle” that moves and stabilizes the scapula.

“Six-pack” muscle that flexes the trunk.

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Victoria Santacruz

Anatomy Weeks 1-5

Term	Definition
Anatomy	The study of the structure and relationships of body parts.
Physiology	The study of how body parts function and work together.
Homeostasis	The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
Negative Feedback	A mechanism that reverses a change to maintain balance (example: temperature regulation).
Positive Feedback	A mechanism that enhances a change (example: childbirth contractions).
Cell	The smallest structural and functional unit of life.
Tissue	A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.
Organ	A structure made up of two or more types of tissues that work together.
Organ System	A group of organs that perform related functions and work together.
Integumentary System	Includes the skin, hair, and nails; protects the body and helps regulate temperature.
Skeletal System	Provides support and protection; stores minerals and produces blood cells.
Muscular System	Produces movement, maintains posture, and generates heat.
Nervous System	Controls and coordinates body activities using electrical impulses.
Endocrine System	Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and other functions.
Cardiovascular System	Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste through the blood.
Respiratory System	Delivers oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.
Digestive System	Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste.
Urinary System	Removes waste from the blood and maintains water and salt balance.
Reproductive System	Produces gametes and hormones for reproduction.
Skeletal Muscle	Voluntary, striated muscle that moves bones and supports posture.
Cardiac Muscle	Involuntary, striated muscle found only in the heart.
Smooth Muscle	Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in the walls of internal organs.
Actin and Myosin	The two main protein filaments that slide to cause muscle contraction.
Sarcomere	The functional contractile unit of a muscle fiber.
Tendon	A tough connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
Ligament	Connective tissue that connects bone to bone and stabilizes joints.
Origin	The fixed attachment point of a muscle.
Insertion	The movable attachment point of a muscle.
Deltoid	Shoulder muscle responsible for abducting the arm.
Pectoralis Major	Chest muscle that flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm.
Latissimus Dorsi	Large back muscle that extends and adducts the arm.
Serratus Anterior	“Boxer’s muscle” that moves and stabilizes the scapula.
Rectus Abdominis	“Six-pack” muscle that flexes the trunk.

Created by: user-1990144

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