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Module #18 Bio.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Energy? | The capacity to cause change; to work; generate heat and light. |
| How is energy defined? | the capacity to rearrange matter. |
| What is a calorie? | 1 calorie equals the energy required to heat 1g of water from 14.5 C to 15.5 C. |
| What are photons and why are they significant? | the fusion of hydrogen atoms creates helium, electrons, and particles of light; the sun makes a lot of energy and most doesn't reach the planet but enough remains on earth to provide the organisms enough to live. |
| What are bioenergetics? | transformation of energy in living organisms |
| What are the two different types of basic energy forms? | Potential energy and kinetic energy. |
| kinetic (Ek) vs. potential (Ep) | stores energy; movement |
| What are the first two laws of thermodynamics state? | Energy can neither be created or destroyed. Energy transfers are never 100% efficient for the work accomplished. |
| What is thermal energy? | The energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules. |
| How do temperature and heat relate to thermal energy? | measure of how much thermal energy an object possesses; heat is not a "usable" form of energy but must be present to accomplish work. |
| What is entropy? | The measure of disorder in a system. |
| What is (⛛)S? | change in entropy |
| How do living things exist in spite of the laws of thermodynamics? | open systems that constantly exchange energy and matter with their environment |
| What takes place during metabolism in living things? | chemical reactions the use and transform energy in living systems. |
| What are chemical reactions? | Reactants are converted into products. |
| Reactants vs. intermediates vs. products | drives reaction to produce more product, energy is required; forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate; drives reaction to produce more reactants, energy released. |
| What are metabolic pathways? | The chemical reactions of metabolism are often organized into a sequence of reactions. |
| What is anabolism; what is catabolism? | Larger molecules are constructed from smaller building blocks and requires an energy input; Larger molecules are broken down into smaller building blocks, results in an energy release. |
| What does it mean when a chemical reaction is at the equilibrium? | There is no net change in energy. |
| What are the Laws of energy? | 1st: the amount of energy in a closed system is constant 2nd: Natural processes tend too proceed towards increasing disorder |
Created by:
taylorhamilton743