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AP Pysch Mod 12-15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cerebral cortex | outermost layer used for higher level thinking -made up of 2 hemispheres and four lobes |
| Four lobes of the cerebral cortex | -Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe1 |
| Frontal lobe | -located in forehead area - does speaking, muscle movements and plans and judgement |
| Parietal lobe | -behind the frontal lobe -recieve sensory input for touch and body postion |
| Occipital lobe | - back of head area -responsible for processing visual information |
| Temporal lobe | -side of brain that is above the ear' - does auditory processing and facial recognition |
| Motor cortex (motor strip) | - area in the back of frontal lobe that controls voluntary movement |
| Somatosensory cortex (sensory strip) | - area behind of motor cortex that specializes in receiving information from skin senses such as touch and temperature -in parietal lobe |
| Visual cortex | -located in occipital lobe -receive visual input from the eyes to interpret sight |
| Audiotory cortex | located in temporal lobe -receives input from ears to interpret sound |
| Association areas | areas of the cerebral cortex that integrate and interpret information from various sources to do higher functions like learning memorizing, thinking and speaking -not involved in primary motor or sensory function |
| Prefrontal cortex | front part of the frontal lobe - enables judgements, planning and mood-based decisons -enables morality -association area of the frontal lobe |
| Undersupply dopamine disorders | An undersupply of dopamine is associated with low motivation, fatigue, and motor control issues -common disorder= Parkinson's disease and ADHD |
| Oversupply dopamine disorders | -high dopamine levels can cause symptoms like aggression, anxiety, and hallucinations -schizophrenia |
| Effects of frontal lobe damage | -alters personality - can't form good memory |
| Association area of the parietal lobe | -integrates sensory information from different sources, such as touch, vision, and hearing -used for mathematical and spatial reasoning |
| Association area of the temporal lobe | - allows us to recognize and identify people |
| Neural plasticity | -the brain's ability to change shape and develop as it forms neural pathways and a person undergoes experiences |
| Wernicke's area | brain area involved in understanding speech |
| Broca's area | brain area involved in speaking |
| Why is neural plasticity important | helps reorganize the brain's neural connections after damage. When one part of the brain is damaged, other areas can sometimes take over its functions or form new connections to make up for the loss. |
| Neurogenesis | -creating of new brain cells -aids in recovery after brain damage |
| Lobotomy | the cutting or removing of part of the brain to treat mental conditons |
| corpus callosum | the band of neurofibers that connects the brain's two hemisphere and carries messages between t |
| Split brain | a condition where the corpus callosum (the bridge connecting the two brain hemispheres) is cut, causing the two sides of the brain to work independently. |
| Functions of left hemisphere | -handles language, speech, writing and logical reasoning |
| Functions of right hemisphere | -handles perception of space, faces, and sound -used to express creativity |
| The right hemisphere of the brain control | left side of the body |
| The left hemisphere of the brain control | right side of the body |
| consciousness | -our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment |
| Cognitive neuroscience | - the study of brain activity being linked to cognition |
| What is needed in order to have a conscious thought? | a stimulation that is strong enough to reach the needed threshold |
| Dual processing | -the principle that states that information is processed on separate conscious tracks -one track= a fast, automatic, and intuitive -another track= and a slower, deliberate, and conscious |
| Blind sight | - a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it |
| visual perception track | -processes visual information to recognize people and objects in real-time |
| visual action track | processes visual information to guide movement and action in real-time |
| parallel processing | -processing many aspects of a problem at the same time -used to solve well learned information and easy problems |
| sequential processing | -processing one aspect of a problem at a time -generally used to process new information to solve a difficult problem |
| Genetic predisposition | -increased likelihood of developing certain traits, behaviors or disorders based on inherited genetic makeup |
| Epigenetics | -the study of how environmental factors influence gene expression without changing DNA |
| Twin studies | studies that compare identical (monozygotic) twins with fraternal (dizygotic) twins to see how much behavior is affected by genes or environment |
| Dizygotic twins | -twins that share 50% of the same DNA |
| Monozygotic | -twins that share 100% of the same DNA |
| Adoption studies | examining whether adopted children are more like their biological or adoptive parents -used to determine whether personality is affected by nature or nuture |
| Family studies | -analyzing shared traits among relatives -used to determine whether personality is affected by nature or nuture |
| Eugenics | -a belief that prompted selective breeding and controlling reproduction -used to artificially make people only have "desirable traits" |
| Compare men and female sex drive | -on average, men have a stronger sex drive than women |
| Sexual overperception | the tendency of people to overestimate another personal sexual interest in someone based on poor evidence |
| Female mating preferences | - attracted to tall, strong, dominate, stable and mature men -these traits increase a favored for raising offspring |
| Male mating preferences | - prefer women who signs of being highly fertile -Usually Signs of fertility are: Big hips and small waist |
Created by:
KenechukwuIE