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Study Stack 1
Anatomy and Physiology
| Question | Answerhttps://www.studystack.c |
|---|---|
| List the 4 basic types of tissue | epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve |
| What are acids and bases | Acids are corrosive to metals; they change blue litmus paper red; they are compounds that are hydrogen or proton donors. Bases (alkaline compounds) are substances that denature proteins, making them feel very slick; they change red litmus paper blue; base |
| What is the pH scale | Is a scale that ranges from 0 to 14 and is a measure of acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a solution. 7 is neutral and lower numbers mean more acidic, and higher numbers mean more basic. |
| What are bones a storage center for | They store calcium and phosphorous. |
| What is the mediastinum and where is it located | The mediastinum is the middle part of the chest cavity between the lungs. It’s bordered by the thoracic inlet (top), diaphragm (bottom), sternum (front), and vertebral column (back). It contains all chest organs except the lungs—such as the heart, aorta, |
| What are Haversian canals and their location | The haversian canals are located in the bone tissue at the center of the compact bone through which blood vessels, nerve fibers and lymph vessels pass. The canals are surrounded by concentric layers of bone matrix. |
| What is the sebaceous gland and its function | A small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily matter (sebum) into the hair follicles to lubricate the skin and hair. |
| What is ossification and what is produced from this process | The process of laying down new bone material by cells called osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation. |
| What is the term used to describe wrist bones | The bones of the wrist are a group called the carpal bones, and are collectively known as the carpus. |
| What are the directional terms for the body | Superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal . |
| What structure produces B-lymphocytes | They originate from stem cells in the bone marrow. |
| Which characteristic best describes the dermis | The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis. Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix. |
| Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located | The tibialis anterior muscle is the largest muscle located in the anterior compartment of the human leg (near the shin). |
| What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid where an acid or a base is added to it | Buffers |
| It is a very cold day. You have left the house without adequate clothing and consequently you begin to shiver once you go outside. What muscles are involved | The smooth muscles are moving during shivering; involuntary contractions of muscles, mainly of the skin, are a response to the chilling effect of low temperatures. |
| 4 classes of connective tissue | loose (adipose), Dense (tendon), support (cartilage and bone), blood(red marrow) |
| voluntary muscle tissue | skeletal |
| involuntary muscle tissue | smooth muscle, cardiac |
| Where is Nervous tissue found? | eyes, ears, brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves |
| Basal cell carcinoma | least malignant, most common cancer |
| Functions on the hair | alerts body to presence of insects on the skin and guards scalp against physical trauma, heat loss, and sunlight |
| Functions of the skeletal system | provide points of attachment for muscles and portect and support softer tissue |
| Parts of the bones | long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, epiphyses, spongy, articular cartilage. |
| parts of the skeletal system being to form during __________ | prenatal development. |
| after bones form, _______ and _______ continually remodel them. | osteoclasts and osteblasts. |
| Skeletal muscles constitute approximately -___ of our body weight. | 50% |
| The muscle that allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger is the: | opponens pollicis. |
| Which of the following is a muscle that moves the thigh? | Adductor longus Gracilis lliopsoas |
| A muscle is attached to the femur and tibia. Its function or action is to bend the knee. When it contracts, it is acting as the: | prime mover |
| Characteristics of Life | METABOLISM oxygen to release the energy stored in food RESPONSIVENESS - respond to their environment HOMEOSTASIS - remain within certain limits ORGANIZATION - living organisms have varying degrees of organization REPRODUCTION - produce GROWTH |
| Planes of the Body | FRONTAL (coronal) plane - divides the body into anterior and posterior sections SAGITTAL plane - divides the body into left and right sections TRANSVERSE (horizontal) plane - dives the body into superior and interior sections |
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