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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mesopotamia | A river valley civilization located along the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. In Greek, this word means "land between the rivers." |
| Modernization | The process of shedding traditional beliefs in favor of modern ideas, methods, and technologies |
| Mohenjo- Daro | Indus civilization with extensive and modern looking plumbing systems |
| Moksha | In Hinduism, a state of perfect understandings of all things. Freedom from the mortal world of ordinary experience. |
| Monarchy | Supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person |
| Monotheism | The doctrine or belief that there is only one God. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are monotheistic. |
| Moses | The Hebrew prophet who led the Israelite's out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments |
| Nationalism | The belief that each ethnic group or "nationality" is entitled to its own government and national homeland. An important characteristic is that such a group of people have some beliefs and values in common that make them want to join together to form a na |
| Neolithic Revolution | The major change in human life caused by the beginnings of farming - that is, by peoples shift from food gatherings to food producing. |
| Nirvana | In Buddhism, freedom from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations, with their consequent suffering |
| Nomad | A member of a group that has no permanent home, wandering from place to place in search of food and water |
| Oligarchy | A form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons: government by the few- especially one in which rule is based upon wealth |
| Paleolithic Age | Prehistoric period that lasted from about 2,500,000 to 8,000 BC, during which people made use of crude Stone tools and weapons-also called the Old Stone Age |
| Papyrus | A material on which to write, prepared from thin strips of the pith of this plant laid together, soaked, pressed, and dried, used by the ancient Egyptians,Greeks, and Romans |
| Patricians | In ancient Rome, a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class. |