Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Psych - Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of learning? | relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience |
| How is memory defined? | the process by which we encode, store and retrieve information |
| ____ is the sudden reappearance of a conditioned response after its extinction | spontaneous recovery |
| Examples of primary reinforcers for humans include: | food, clothing, rest periods |
| You learned how to follow a recipe by watching your mother bake bread. This type of learning is _____ | observational learning |
| You have a job as a mechanic in Mulberry Grove. You are paid every other friday for the previous two-weeks | fixed-interval |
| ____ is learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences | operant conditioning |
| A _____ is any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again | reinforcer |
| A(n) _______ reinforcer refers to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus, putting on a sweater when you're cold for example, which leads to an increase in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated in the future | negative |
| ______ weakens a response through the application of an unpleasant stimulus | positive punishment |
| ________ is a technique for promoting the frequency of desirable conducts and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones | behavior modification |
| You were frightened at a movie while a certain song was playing in the background. The next week you hear the song on the radio and your heart races. The music has become a(n)... | conditioned stimulus |
| You teach your dog to fetch the paper by giving him a cookie each time he does so | operant conditioning |
| In order to obtain a reward, a monkey learned to press a lever when a 1000-Hz tone is on but not when a 1200-Hz tone is on. This is ________ training | discrimination |
| Which of the following is an example of reinforcement? | -presenting a positive stimulus after a response -removing an unpleasant stimulus after a response -being told that you have done a good job |
| An unpleasant consequence that decreases the frequency of the response that produced it is called _____ | punishment |
| April's psych instructor has scheduled an exam every third week of the term. April will probably study the most just before an exam and least just after an exam. This is because the schedule of exams in reinforcing studying according to which schedule | fixed-interval |
| Sally feels nauseated every time she walks into a Quicky Burger restaurant, even though it's been more than 10 years since she got food poisoning from eating a hamburger at a Quicky Burger. The store now serves as a(n) ____ | conditioned stimulus |
| Jim has learned to be respectful to his parents, as he is reinforced for polite behaviors. He is also respectful to all older individuals, demonstrating the concept of? | generalization |
| What is NOT a for of cognitive learning? | salivating when you think of a lemon |
| What is a example of shaping? | a parrot is rewarded first for making any sound, then for making a sound similar to "Laura" and then for "speaking" its owner's name |
| Your parents ask you to pick up groceries for the family. One item is peanut butter. You select the brand that you really like, even though other brands are less expensive. Your selection is based on ____ | discrimination |
| The _____ is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning | cognitive learning theory |
| an organism's automatic reaction to a stimulus | unconditioned response |
| an event that leads to a certain, predictable response | unconditioned stimulus |
| an event that, after training, leads to a learned response | conditioned stimulus |
| a learned response | conditioned response |
| becomes a conditioned stimulus after training | neutral stimulus |
| short-term memory | has a limited capacity |
| psychologist George Miller discovered that short-term memory is limited to about | seven items |
| ____ memory refers to the initial. momentary storage of information that lasts only an instant | sensory |
| ____ memory is defined as a memory system that holds information temporarily while actively manipulating and rehearsing that information | working |
| _____ is a process in which memories are influenced by the meaning we give to events | constructive process |
| The physical stuff of memory--the ____ -- is produced by a complex of biochemical and neural processes | engram |
| The levels-of-processing approach | suggests that thinking about material leads to better memory than maintenance rehearsal |
| What best describes most therapists' views of repressed memories? | there is no consensus among therapists, which remains a challenge |
| Identify the example that illustrates the concept of explicit memory | trying to remember a phone number that was learned earlier |
| what is TRUE about a flashbulb memory? | the details recalled in flashbulb memories are often inaccurate |
| ____ permits us to ignore things that have stopped providing new information | habituaiton |
| interferance | when information in memory disrupts the recall of other information |
| decay | loss of information in short-term memory |
| schemas | organized information stored in memory that affect how information is interpreted, stored, and recalled |
| semantic networks | mental representations of clusters of connected information |
| rehearsal | repetition of information in short-term memory |
| recall | memory task in which specific information must be revived |
| recognition | memory task where a stimulus is presented and have to identify the answer form a list of alternatives |
| retrieval cue | stimulus that allows us to more easily recall information from long-term memory |
| flashbulb memories | memories centered on a specific event |
| autobiographical memories | our recollections of circumstances & episodes from our own lives |
| explicit memory | intentional or conscious recollection of information |
| implicit memory | memories that people are not consciously aware, but that can have effect |
Created by:
adds_grote