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Pharm 2.4

QuestionAnswer
Phlebitis symptoms and intervention Sx - Inflammation of a vein, increased skin temp, redness, red streak along vein, venous cord palpable, purulent drainage. Intervention: D/c IV, moist warm compress
Infiltration definition, symptoms, and intervention Leakage of intravenous solution or medication(non-vesicant) into the extravascular tissue. Sx- Eedema, pallor, decreased skin temp, skin blanched Interventions - D/c iv line, elevate extremity, warm compress to absorb fluid
Extravastation definition, symptoms, and intervention IV catheter is dislodged and vesicant medication infuses into the tissues. Sx- stinging, burning, swelling, redness. Interventions - D/c IV line, apply cool compress, administer antidote
What is a central venous catheter? Catheter that is placed into a large vessel of the body. PLaced by physicians.
What is a PICC line? Placed in the arm and threaded up to the heart. placed by nurses.
What are colloids? Large undissolved particles(proteins, fats, or animal collagen). Also called plasma volume expanders.
What are colloids used for mainly? Bleeding patients, or patients that have protein deficiencies that cause severe edema.
What are the common types of colloids 5% albumin, 2.5% albumini, dextran 70 and 40, hetastarch
What are crystalloids Dissolved substances, such as sodium or chloride.
What are hypotonic solutions? what are they used for? what can they cause? Solutions containing less than 0.9% NSS. Treats cellular dehydration, burns, or trauma, dka, or hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. Can cause cell lysis and hypovolemia
What do isotonic fluids do? Increases extracellular fluid, Used for blood loss, dehydration, or surgery.
What do lactated ringer fluids do? Contains NA, K, Ca, Cl, and lactate. Replaces water and electrolytes. Used in surgery and bleeding
NS function replaces water and some electrolytes. Used as a maintenance fluid.
Isotonic fluids NS, LR, 5DW, 5DQNS
What are hypertonic fluids used for? give examples of hypertonic solutions. Used for cerebral edema, and hyponatremia. Can cause fluid overload. Central line recommended for this because its hard on veins.
Hypertonic solutions examples 3%S, 5%S, D10W, D5NS, D5HNS, D5LR
When should u use micro drop tubing When flow rate is less than 60 mL/Hr
 

 



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